SERTULARIA 



SERVIA 



325 



sea. In the Mediterranean and in Morocco he led 

 an adventurous life, sometimes fighting against the 

 partisans of Sulla, sometimes mixing in the quarrels 

 of native chiefs. But his fame grew, and at length 

 he was invited back to Spain by the Lusitani ; and 

 from them and Roman refugees he formed troops 

 who successfully detied the power of Koine for 

 eight years or more. Sulla sent army after army 

 against him commanded by such men as L. Domitius 

 Ahenobarbus, Q. Metellus'Pius, and young Pompey ; 

 but none of them was a match for him aim his 

 methods of guerilla warfare. The contest was at 

 last terminated by the assassination of Sertorius in 

 72 B.C. The assassins were all Romans, men pro- 

 scribed by Sulla, who were lighting under Sertorius. 

 The chief of them was Perperna, who was jealous 

 of his chief, and cherished ambitions of his own. 

 Sertorius seems to have aimed at establishing a 

 strong, stable government in Spain : lie created a 

 senate of 300 members from amongst the Romans 

 of his party, and founded a school at Osca ( Hnesca) 

 for the education of the sons of the Spanish chiefs. 

 But jealousies broke out 

 between the Spaniards 

 and the Romans, anil the 

 sternness of Sertorius 

 changed to cruelty and 

 , tyranny. But when at 

 the height of his power 

 . he was regarded with al- 

 most superstitious vener- 

 ation by the Lusitanians, 

 and the feeling was en- 

 hanced by the fact that 

 the great commander was 

 constantly followed about 

 by a tame fawn. 



Sertlllaria. a com- 

 mon genus of Hydrniils, 

 in which the branched 

 horny investment of the 

 plant-like colony forms a 

 sessile cup around each 

 polyp. The polyps are 

 arranged in a double row, 

 and the colon v is attached 

 tostones, shells, seaweeds, 

 and the like. Among the 

 liyilnithi-c.i- or cups sur- 

 rounding the polyps or nutritive zooid larger pear- 

 shaped capsules or goiiothecae occur, within which 

 the reproductive elements are formed from special 

 generative zooids. Unlike many Campannlarians 

 and Tubularians, the Sertularian hydroids never 

 liberate medusoid reproductive individuals or zooids. 

 See HYDROZOA, and Hinck's British Hydroid 

 Zoophytes (2 vols. Lond. 1868). 



Serum. See BLOOD. 



Serval ( Felt* Serval), one of the smaller Felidse, 



A Sertularian Colony 

 ( natural rize). 



Serval (Felit Serval). 



a native of South Africa, the Botchkatte, or Hush- 

 cat, of the Cape Colony. It is about two feet in 



length, exclusive of the tail. The serval is a 

 beautiful animal, yellowish with black spots, the 

 lower parts white with black spots. The fur of 

 the serval is in great request, and is known to 

 furriers as that of the Tiger Cat. 



Servant. See MASTER AND SERVANT. 



Servetns, MICHAEL, or MIGUEL SERVETO, a 

 theologian and physician, was born at Tudela in 

 Navarre in 1511, though he stated that he was 

 born at Yillanova near Lerida, and from about 

 153!) always styled himself Michael Villanovanus. 

 His father sent him to study law at Saragossa and 

 at Toulouse. His interest in theological discus- 

 sions was awakened whilst he was yet a student, 

 mill having gone to Italy ( 1530) in the company of 

 Quintana, confessor to Charles V., he passed on 

 from there into Germany, and came into contact 

 with Luther, (Ecolampadius, Bucer, and others of 

 the Reformers. But his own views, especially 

 in respect of the Trinity he denied that there 

 are three Persons in the Trinity and refused 

 to acknowledge the eternity of the Son, and in 

 other respects professed tenets similar to those 

 of Socinus (q.v. ) were in discord both with those 

 of the Reformers and the authoritative teaching of 

 the Roman Catholic Church. The essay in which 

 he propounded his speculations I > Trinitatis 

 Erroribus (1531) provoked considerable discus- 

 sion. In 1536 he began to study medicine at 

 Paris, and after a few years of wandering settled 

 down to practise at Vienne ( 1541 ). Four or five 

 years later he began to correspond with Calvin, 

 ami in spite of Calvin's openly avowed enmity 

 wished to visit him at Geneva. At length, having 

 secretly reprinted (1553) his collection of theo- 

 logical tracts, he was betrayed, and denounced, it 

 is alleged at the instance of Calvin, to the in- 

 quisitor at Lyons. He was arrested, but managed 

 to escape from prison ; yet rashly venturing into 

 Geneva he was again arrested, and after a trial of 

 more than two months wax burned alive (27th 

 Octolier 1553), the day after sentence was pro- 

 nounced, at Champnel near Geneva. As a scien- 

 tific inquirer he is best known by a popular book 

 on syrups and by his demonstration of the pul- 

 monary circulation of the blood. 



See CALVIJJ; Tollin, Charakterbild Michel Servtfs 

 (1876), Dat Lehrtyitem M. Sen-eft (3 vols. 1876-78), and 

 other books ; Trechsel, Die Protettantischtn Antitrini- 

 taricr nor F. Socin (1839) ; Punjer, be M. Servcti Doc- 

 trina (1870); and Willis, Sereetui and Calvin (1877), 

 which, however, must be used with very great caution. 



Scrvia, a kingdom of the Balkan Peninsula, 

 bounded N by the Danube, separating it from 

 Hungary, W. by the Drina, separating it from 

 Bosnia, S. by Turkey, and E. by Bulgaria and Rou- 

 mania, the Danube (lowing between Servia and the 

 lost named. It is a compact territory, with an area 

 of 18,754 sq. m., measuring 140 miles from east to 

 west by 110 from north to south. The surface is 

 on the whole mountainous. There are, however, 

 few well-defined mountain-chains, except along the 

 frontiers, where also the highest peaks occur e.g. 

 the Kapaonik Mountains (6382 feet) in the south- 

 west ; Imt there are a great number of isolated 

 mountain peaks and mountain groups, clothed in 

 many parts with fine forests ( 12 per cent, of the total 

 area) of oak, beech, walnut, chestnut, and other 

 trees, and parted by fertile valleys, which afford ex- 

 cellent pasturage to numerous herds of cattle and 

 sheep. The districts next Bulgaria and Bosnia 

 are more wild and difficult than the central parts, 

 through which passes the principal highway of the 

 country, the valley of the Morava, stretching south- 

 south-east from the Danube. Servia is essentially 

 on agricultural country. Of the total area 58} per 

 cent, is set apart for cultivation, the principal 

 crops being wheat, maize, and other cereals, and 



