5M 



SOUTH DAKOTA 



SOUTHEY 



herself to be pregnant, and announced that she 

 was to give birth, at midnight on the I'.ith 

 Octol>er 1814, to a second Shiloh or I'rince of 

 Peace. Her followers received thin announcement 

 with devout reverence, and prepared nn expvn-ite 

 cradle for the occasion, lint -lie merely fell into a 

 trance, nml n '27th December 1814 she died. It 

 was found that the apjiearance of pregnancy which 

 had deceived others, and perhaps herself, was due 

 to dropsy. Her followers continued to believe that 

 she would rise again from her trance. In 1851 they 

 still numbered over 200, with four places of wor- 

 ship, and were not quite extinct in 1897. 



South Dakota, one of the two states con- 

 structed in 1890 out of the former territory of 

 Dakota (q.v.). 



South EastOH. a borough of Pennsylvania, at 

 the mouth of the Lehigh River, opposite Easton, 

 with manufacture* of cottons, wire, &c. Pop. 5616. 



Sonthend. an Essex watering-place, at the 

 mouth of the Thames estuary, 42 miles E. of Lon- 

 don. Dating from a visit here of Queen Caroline 

 and the Princess Charlotte in 1804. it was in great 

 part built by Sir S. Morton Peto (1809-89), has a 

 public hall (1872), a new pier, over a mile in 

 length, with tramway and concert-room, and in 

 1899 it was proposed to reclaim enough of the 

 foreshore for a handsome promenade. Pop. ( 1851) 

 2462 ; ( 1871 ) 4561 ; ( 1881 ) 7979 ; ( 1891 ) 12,333. 



Soul horn Cross "e of the star groups in 

 the southern hemisphere of the heavens. It lies in 

 right ascension 12 hours, and dec. 60 S., being 

 thus a considerable distance from the south pole 



Quadrant of the Southern Heavens from the Pole to the 

 fortieth degree, showing the .Southern Cross, a, and the 

 Triangle, h. The two bright stare at c are and J 

 of Centanri. 



of the heavens. It was added to the list of con- 

 stellations by Koyer in IHT'.L The four principal 

 stars form a rough cross when seen above the pole. 

 The figure i- of considerable size, being aliout 6 of 

 dec. in height. 



SiiutlirriH*. THOMAS, dramatist, known as 

 ' honest Tom Sontherne' in the world of his day, 

 was born at Oxinantown in County Dublin in 



or lll, studied at Trinity College, Dublin, and 

 rnicreil jjt th,. Middle Temple, London, but in 

 1682 began his career as playwright with a compli- 

 ment to the Duke of York in Tin- l.ni/nl Unit her, 

 or Ike Persian 1'riiirr. Drvden wrote the prologue 

 and epilogue, raising his fee on the occasion, and 

 Sotitheme had the honour of finishing Dryden's 

 utiifji, or the Spartan Hero ( 1692). Southerne 



served a short time under the Duke of Berwick, 

 mid at his request wrote the Spartan Daim 1 . receiv- 

 j ing 120 for the copyright. His liest plays. Loth 

 tragedies, were produced in the reign of \Yilliam 

 III. The fatal Marriage (1694), and OrooimLn, 

 (1696) based on Alia Helm's novel. His comedies 

 are thin, and hardly more decent than the rest in 

 that day. Southerne contrived to thrive in his 

 vocation, and is pleasantjy described as a venerable 

 old gentleman, regular in attendance on evening 

 prayers, always neat and decently dressed, cum 

 inonly in block with his silver sword and silver 

 locks. Pope describes his friend as him whom 

 Heaven sent down to raise the price of prologues 

 and of plays. He died May 26, 1746. 



$OntherilWOO<l (Artemisia iihrnliniiitii), a 

 shrubby species of Artemisia (see WORMWOOD), 

 found wild in south Europe, and cultivated in old- 

 fashioned gardens for its pleasant aromatic odour. 



Southey, ROBERT, poet-laureate, was born at 

 Bristol on 12th August 1774. His father, Robert 

 Southey (1745-92), was an unlucky linen-draper; 

 his mother, Margaret Hill (1752-1802), who like- 

 wise came of good old yeoman ancestrv, was a 

 bright, sweet-tempered woman, who could whistle 

 like a blackbird. Much of his lonely childhood 

 was passed with her half-sister, Miss T"yler ( 1739- 

 1821), a rich, genteel old maid who hated noise 

 and matrimony, and hod a passion for cleanliness 

 and the drama. With her he saw many plays ; 

 read Shakespeare and Beaumont and Fletcher, 

 H oole's 1'atso and Ariusto, the Faerie Queene, Po[>e's 

 homer, and Sidney's Arcadia; and himself 

 scribbled thousands of verses. He had meanwhile 

 bail four schoolmasters, and in 1788 was placed by 

 an uncle, the Rev. Herbert Hill, at Westminster. 

 There Picart's Religious Ceremonies led him ' to 

 conceive a design of rendering every mythology the 

 basis of a narrative poem ; ' there he formed lifelong 

 friendships with C. W. W. Wynn and Grosvenor 

 Bedford ; and thence in 1792 lie was expelled for 

 writing an article against flogging in a school 

 magazine. Next year, howeveiTlie entered Balliol 

 College with a view to bis taking orders. He 

 went up to Oxford a republican, his head full of 

 Rousseau and ' Wertlier, his religious principles 

 shaken by Gibbon ; and lie left it in 1794 a I ni- 

 tarian, having learnt a little swimming and a little 

 boating, and ingrained his very heart with Epic 

 ictus. And at Oxford he had a visit from Cole- 

 ridge, who infected him with his dream of a 

 ' Pantisocracy ' on the bank- of the Sn-i| urbanna. 

 The Pantisocrab* required wives ; and wives were 

 forthcoming in three Miss Flickers of Bristol. 

 The eldest, Sara, fell to Coleridge ; the second, 

 Edith, to Southey ; and Mary, the third, to a Robert 

 Level, who with Southey in 1794 published a booklet 

 of poems, and died two years afterwards penniless. 

 The 1'anti-iHTats furthermore required money, and 

 money was not forthcoming; so, having tried 

 medicine, and l>een sickened by the dissecting 

 room, having been turned out of doors by hi- 

 indignant aunt, having lectured with some success, 

 and having on 14th Noveinlier 1795 secretly man -ied 

 his Edith, Southey started the same day on a six 

 months' visit to I,isl>on, where his uncle was chaplain 

 to the British factory, and where he laid the founda- 

 tion of his profound knowledge of the literatures 

 and history of the Peninsula. He returned to 

 England to take up law, but reading Coke to 

 liim was 'threshing straw ;' so after sundry 

 migrations Wcstbury near Bristol, Burton near 

 Christchurch, Lislion again for a twelvemonth 

 [1800-1), and Ireland (a brief secretaryship to it* 

 Chancellor of the Exchequer), with interval* of 

 London in Septemlier 1803 lie settled at Greta 

 Hall, Keswick, in the Lake Country. The Cole. 



