ARCHITECTURE. 



mosques, and afterwards the Hindus borrowed 

 from them, and thus a mixed style was created, 

 which in the palaces, tombs, &c. of the native 

 princes produces many picturesque effects. The 

 tombs of the Mohammedans have a strong Sara- 

 cenic influence in their designs, and are among 

 the finest specimens of architecture in India. The 



the largest, and the dome with which it is vaulted 

 is supported on a series of pendentives of very 

 ingenious and beautiful construction. The open- 

 ing is 97 feet in diameter, and 175 feet high. The 

 Great Mosque at Delhi (fig. 37), and the Pearl 

 Mosque at Agra, are among the most elegant 

 specimens of Moslem art. 



Tomb of Mahmoud (built 1626) at Bejapore is I There is one very remarkable fact connected 



ection through the Great Dome of the Jumna Musjid. 

 (From Fergusson.) 



Fig. 38. 



with Indian architecture namely, that although 

 the form of the arch is constantly used, in domes, 

 arcades, &c. especially in the style borrowed from 

 the Moslems, yet the radiating arch construction 

 is never adopted. The architraves are supported 

 on bracketed capitals, which project, bracket over 

 bracket, till the space is spanned by one lintel. 

 This leads to many beautiful results in the early 

 styles, and in the later mixed style the bracketed 

 cornices are amongst its finest features. 



The temples of Cashmere and Cambodia form 

 a new and interesting feature in the study of 

 eastern architecture. We have already seen 

 that the earliest specimens of Buddhist art con- 

 tain a strong affinity with the Assyrian and Ionic 

 styles. In Cashmere and Cambodia, the resem- 

 blances are even more complete. The illustra- 

 tion (fig. 38) from a Cashmere temple shews the 

 egg enrichment and the fluting of the pillar, which 

 are so distinctive of Greek art. It is only within 

 the last few years that the architecture of Cam- 

 bodia has been discovered and partly illustrated ; 

 the illustrations being due to the enterprise of 

 Mr J. Thomson, a photographer. Little is known 

 of the history of the monuments of Cambodia, but 

 they appear to range from about 1150 to 1350 A.D. 

 The Temple of Nakhon Wat (fig. 39) is among 

 the most important. It is square, and extends 

 about a mile in each direction, having a walled 

 inclosure and moat, with a great gateway, or 

 gopura. There are small temples and arcades 

 within the inclosure. The size of the whole is 

 not much inferior to that of the Great Temple 

 at Thebes. The colonnades have a strong resem- 

 blance to the Roman Doric order, with similar 

 capitals, though somewhat more ornamented, 

 surmounted by an architrave, frieze, and cor- 



nice of very classic outline. The arches which 

 cover in the arcades are pointed, and constructed 



Fig. 39. Interior of Corridor, Nakhon. 

 (From Fergusson.) 



in the Pelasgic or Indian manner with horizontal 

 joints. The walls are covered with elaborate 



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