INDEX. 



Baryta, or heavy spar, 393. 



Basalt, in Geology, 18 ; in Useful Minerals, 396. 

 Bases, in Chemistry, 307 ; action of upon salts, 

 310; equivalents of the bases, 308; organic 

 bases, 336. 



Basilica (Gr. basileus, a king), in Architecture, 471. 

 Basins, in Geology, 31. 

 Bat, order Cheiroptera, in Zoology, 189. 

 Baths of the ancients, 511 ; modern baths and 



wash-houses, 511-512. 

 Bathybius, in Zoology, 132. 

 Battery, in Electricity, 270. 

 Beaches, raised or ancient, examples of, 21, 58. 

 Beacons, construction of, in Navigation, 462. 

 Beans, field, 526; garden, 551 ; in Dietary, 741. 

 Bearings of a shaft, in Machinery, 219. 

 Bears (Ursida), 185. 



Beaver family (Castortda), order Rodentia, 187. 

 Beds and bedclothes considered with regard to 



health, 730, 788. 



BEE, THE, HONEY, natural history of, 673-676 ; 

 natural economy of the hive, 676-682 ; artificial 

 management, 681-687 ; diseases and enemies of 

 bees, 687 ; British wild bees, 688 ; in Zoology, 148. 

 Beech, character and cultivation of, 599. 

 Bee-eaters (Meropidce), 175. 

 Beef, dietetic character and uses of, 744. 

 Beer, manufacture of, in Applied Chemistry, 350. 

 Beeswax, in Applied 'Chemistry, 349. 

 Beetle, order Coleoptera, in Zoology, 149. 

 Beet-root (Beta vulgaris\ 105 ; in Gardening, 553; 



in Dietary, 742. 



Belemnites (Gr. belemnon, a dart), a genus of fossil 

 chambered shells, perforated by a siphuncle, 

 and so called from their straight dart-like form. 

 Unlike other chambered shells, they were inter- 

 nal that is, inclosed within the animal like the 

 pen of the squid and cuttle-fish. Many of these 

 belemnites are of great size, shewing the gigantic 

 nature of the cephalopods to which they belonged. 

 Being long, straight, and conical, they are com- 

 monly known by the names of ' thunder-stones ' 

 and 'thunder-bolts,' 154. 

 Belladonna, in Chemistry, 336. 

 Bell-metal, composition of, 405. 

 Benzoic acid, 335. 



Benzol, composition of, 318, 335, 340, 

 Berberidaceae, 90. 

 Bergamot, an essential oil, 336. 

 Beryl, or aqua-marine, 400. 

 Bessemer's process, in Metallurgy, 409. 

 Betulaceae, order in Botany, 106. 

 Beverages, in Dietary, 75-752; in Hygiene, 726. 

 Bicarbonate of lime, in Water, 499 ; in Chemistry, 



307. 

 Bicarburetted hydrogen, chemical nature of, 323, 



493- 



Biennials, list of, for the flower-garden, 565. 



Bile (Lat. bills), nature and uses of, 1 16, 723. 



Bills of fare, in Cookery, 766. 



Bimana (Lat. bis, twice, and manus, hand), highest 

 order of class Mammalia, in Zoology, 192. 



Binnacle, in Navigation, 460. 



Birch (Betula) ; Betulaceae, or birch-worts, 600, 



Birds, as a class in Zoology, 167-176. 



Birs Nimroud, a temple, 468. 



Biscuit (Fr. bis, twice, and fitif, baked), manufac- 

 ture of, in Porcelain, 359 ; in Dietetics, 739. 



Bismuth, in Chemistry, 327 ; in Metallurgy, 415. 



Bison, family Bovidae, order Ruminantia, in 

 Zoology, 183. 



Bittern, or mire drum (Botaurus stellaris\ family 

 Ardeidae, order Grallatores, in Zoology, 170. 



Bitumens, 385 ; bituminous shale, 388. 



Bizarre, a floricultural term for carnations, varie- 

 gated in colour, with irregular stripes and spots. 

 565. 



Blackband, a valuable carbonaceous iron ore, 406. 



Blackbird, in Zoology, 174 ; as cage- birds, 671. 



Bladder, inflammation of, 777. 



Bleaching of linen, 339. 



Bleeding, in Surgery, 781. 



Blende (Germ, blendtn, to dazzle), a term applied 

 in geology and mineralogy to several ores and 

 minerals of a dazzling lustre as sulphuret of 

 zinc, 412. 



Blister fly or Spanish fly, in Zoology, 149. 



Blood, composition and functions of, 117 ; blood- 

 vessels, 1 1 8. 



Bloodstone, or heliotrope, a precious gem, 400. 



Blouse, origin of the continental dress so called, 

 79i- 



Blowpipe, common, 362. 



Blubber, or fat of the Whale tribe, 179, 717. 



Boa Constrictors, family Coluberidae, in Zoology, 

 164. 



Boilers for steam-engines, 420, 429. 



Boiling, as a mode of cooking, 753, 760. 



Bolus, 114. 



Bones, their chemical composition, 1 13. 



Bonnets, 800. 



Boots, various kinds of, 798. 



Boraginaceae, order in Botany, 102. 



Borax, in Chemistry, 327 ; in Mineralogy, 397. 



Boron, one of the elementary substances, 327. 



BOTANY, the science of, defined, 81 ; Linnaran 

 System, 82-87 ; Natural or Jussieuian System, 

 87-112. 



Boulder, or erratic-block, formation, 22, 31. 



Bovey clay, in Useful Minerals, 393. 



Bovidae, family in Zoology, 183. 



Bowels, or intestines, 1 16. 



Bowers and rustic seats, 562. 



Box, nature and culture of, 600. 



Brachiopoda (arm-footed), order in Zoology, 151. 



Brain, 123, 155, 777; concussion of, 778. 



Brandy, in Dietetics, 751. 



Brass, an alloy of copper and zinc, 405. 



Braxy, disease in hogs, 651. 



Breacan, in dress, 799, 800. 



Bread, fermented and unfermented, 739. 



Breccia marble, 391. 



Breeches, origin and introduction of, 794. 



Breeding-ponds, in salmon fisheries, 713. 



Bricks, various, manufacture of, 353. 



Bridges and viaducts, 444. 



Brig, class of ships, 452. 



Bright's disease, 776. 



Brilliants. See Diamond in jewellery, 400. 



Brine, 745. 



Britannia metal, 413, 414. 



Brittleness, 195. 



Brocade, brocaded, in Textile Manufactures, 384. 



Broccoli, a garden variety of the cabbage, 550. 



Broiling, in Cookery, 754. 



Broken-wind, an affection of the lungs in horses, 

 621. 



Bromeliaceae, order in Botany, 109. 



Bromides, 325. 



Bromine, one of the elementary substances, 325. 



Bronchial tubes, 1 20, 773. 



Bronchitis, treatment of, 773. 



