CHAMBERS'S INFORMATION FOR THE PEOPLE. 



Earth-closets, 507. 



Earthenware, or pottery, manufacture of, 353. 



Earthquakes, 57. 



Earth's crust, or exterior rocky portion, 17. 



Earths, in Chemistry, 328. 



Earwigs, order Orthoptera, 147. 



Eccaleobion, artificial egg-hatching apparatus, 667. 



Eccentrics, in Steam-engine, 426. 



Echidna (spiny ant-eater), genus Monotremata, 

 177. 



Echinodermata (spiny-skinned animals), in Zool- 

 ogy, 138. 



Echinoidea, Sea-urchin family, in Zoology, 139. 



Echoes, causes and illustrations of, 254. 



Eclipses explained and illustrated, 12. 



Ecliptic, in Astronomy, 2 ; in Geography, 52. 



Edentata (Lat e, out or away, and dens, a tooth), 

 an order in Zoology, 178. 



Eel, common, conger, and electric, 156. 



Efflorescence, in Chemistry, 310. 



Efflux, in Hydrodynamics, 233. 



Eggs of birds, in Dietary, 746. 



Egyptian beetle, sacred, 149. 



Elasticity, a property of matter, 194. 



Electric clock, 299 ; electric lamp, 275 ; electric 

 telegraph, 277. 



ELECTRICITY, 260-267 ; frictional excitation of, 

 260 ; distribution and transference of, 263 ; elec- 

 trics and non-electrics, 261 ; electrical induction, 

 262 ; electrical machine, 263 ; electricity of the 

 atmosphere, 267 ; voltaic electricity, 267 ; ther- 

 mo-electricity, 285 ; electricity of animals and 

 vegetables, 79, 285 ; theories of electricity, 262 ; 

 history of, 287. 



Electrolysis, in Chemistry, 314. 



Electro-magnetism, 276. 



Electrometer (Gr.) and electroscope, 265. 



Electrotype, invention and application of, 276. 



Elements, in Chemistry, 307. 



Elephant, in Zoology, 1 84 ; as a beast of burden, 

 434-. 



Elevating or upheaving causes, in Geology, 20-22. 



Elizabethan and Jacobean style, in Architecture, 

 4.77- 



Ellipse, figure in Astronomy, 3, 8. 



Elm, varieties and cultivation of, 599. 



Elutriation, in Chemistry, 305. 



Embryo, in Physiology, the rudiment or germ of 

 animal and vegetable bodies, 65, 73. 



Embryology, in Zoology, 130. 



Emerald, varieties of, 400. 



Emery, emery- powder, history and uses of, 400. 



Emeu (Dromaius Nova Hollandice), 171. 



Emission theory of light, 241. 



Empyema, 774. 



Emydae (fresh- water turtles or mud tortoises), 163. 



Encaustic tiles, manufacture of, 360. 



Encrinites, in Geology, 28. 



Endogen, endogenous, in Botany, 72, 88, 108, 594. 



Endolymph, a fluid of the ear, 127. 



Endosmose (Gr. endon, within, and osmos, im- 

 pulsion) and exosmose (Gr. ex; out of, and 

 osmos), 197. 



Energy, potential and kinetic, in Machinery, 244 ; 

 conservation of, 244 ; in Galvanism, 270. 



Engine, in mechanics, is used to denote generally 

 any kind of machine in which two or more of 

 the simple mechanical powers are combined. 

 See STEAM-ENGINE stationary, locomotive, 

 marine, low-pressure, high-pressure, and other 

 varieties of, 417-432. 



808 



Entablature, in Architecture, 469. 



Entomology (Gr. entoma, an insect, and logos\ a 



department of Zoology, 144-150. 

 Entries, or made dishes, in Cookery, 757. 

 Eozoon, Canadian, in Geology, 24. 

 Ephemerae, family Ephemeridas, or day-flies, in 



Zoology, 147. 

 Epidermis, the cuticle, outer or scarf skin of plants 



and animals, 71, 122. 

 Epiglottis (Gr. cpi, upon, and glottis, the tongue), 



the cartilaginous lid which covers the top of the 



windpipe in swallowing, 120. 

 Epiphyte, in Vegetable Physiology, 67. 

 Epochs and eras, in Chronology, 293. 

 Epsom salts (sulphate of magnesia), in Medicine, 



784 ; manufacture and composition of, 391. 

 Equator, terrestrial and celestial, defined, 2, 51. 

 Equidae (Horse tribe), order Pachydermata, 180. 

 Equilibrium (Lat. equus, equal, libra, weight or 



balance). Anything held in equal balance or 



counterpoise is said to be in equilibrium, 198. 

 Equinox, equinoctial points, 10, 51 ; equinoxes, the 



precession of, 10, 14. 

 Equivalence, in Chemistry, 308, 314. 

 Eras and epochs, in Chronology, 293. 

 Erbium, a metallic element, 315. 

 Ericaceae, the Heaths, an extensive order in 



Botany, 101. 

 Erosion, valleys of, 22. 

 Erratic boulders, 22. 

 Eruptive rocks, 20. 

 Escapement, in Horology, 296, 301. 

 Espalier, in Horticulture, a substitute for a wall 



on which to train fruit-trees, and sometimes 



ornamental shrubs, 580. 

 Essence of beef, 744. 

 Ether, in Chemistry, 333. 

 Etiolate (Fr.), to blanch by concealing from the 



light, 66. 



Euphorbiaceas, order in Botany, 105. 

 Evaporation, 34, 208. 



Evergreen, for the shrubbery and garden, 568. 

 Evolution, doctrine of, in Zoology, 131. 

 Exercise, bodily and mental, necessity of, 727- 



729. 



Exogen, exogenous, in Botany, 72, 88, 593. 

 Expansion, an accidental property of matter, 193, 



204. 



Extension, a property of matter, 193. 

 Extract of beef, 744. 

 Eye, in Physiology, 123 ; in Optics, 246. 



Faculae, in Astronomy, 5. 



Fahrenheit's thermometer, 205. 



Falcon, family Falconidae, order Raptores, 175. 



Falconry, as a British field-sport, 695. 



Falling bodies, phenomena of, 200. 



Fallow, 534. 



False-acacia, 599. 



Fans, in dress, 798. 



Fan-tracery style, in Architecture, 474, 



Farinaceous foods, general composition of, 738. 



Farm, choice, situation, size, &c. of ; farm build- 

 ings, 534. 



Farthingale, or hooped petticoat, in British Cos- 

 tume, 795. 



Fat, in Dietetics, 748 ; fattening of cattle, 632. 



Fats and Oils, in Chemistry, 334, 348. 



Feet, proper and improper dress for, 788. 



Felidaa (Lat. felts, a cat), Cat family, in Zoology, 

 1 86. 



