INDEX. 



Umbelliferae, plants bearing their flowers in um- 

 bels, like the hemlock, 98. 



Umbra, in Astronomy, 5. 



Undulatory theory of light, 241. 



Uranium, one of the metallic elements, 330. 



Uranus, or Herschel, primary planet described, 7. 



Uric acid, 335. 



Urinary organs, 776. 



Ursidae (Lat. ursus, a bear), the Bear family, 185. 



Urticaceas, Urticaceous plants, or Nettle-worts, 

 105. 



USEFUL MINERALS, 385-400. 



Vaccination (Lat vacca, a cow), the operation of 

 introducing cow-pox matter into the human 

 body, in order, by producing a greatly mitigated 

 disease, to preserve the system against natural 

 small-pox, which rarely occurs twice in one 

 person, 780. 



Vacuum; see Steam-engine, 418; Pneumatics, 

 236. 



Valleys and Plains, in Physical Geography, 52, 59. 



Valleys of erosion, 22. 



Vampire bat, family Phyllostomince, in Zoology, 

 189. 



Vanadium, in Chemistry, 327. 



Vandyke, origin of the term in British costume, 

 796. 



Vandyke ruffs, in dress, 796. 



Vapour of the atmosphere, in Meteorology, 34-35. 



Vascular tissue of plants (pitted and lactiferous), 

 70. 



Vaulting, in Architecture, 472. 



Veal, dietetic character and uses of, 744. 



Vegetable marrow (Cucurbit^), culture of, 559. 



VEGETABLE PHYSIOLOGY, 65-80. 



Vegetables, in Physical Geography, 64. 



Vegetables for the kitchen-garden, 549 ; modes of 

 dressing and cooking, 762. 



Veils, in British costume, 791. 



Veins, in Geology, 19. 



Veins, in Physiology, 118, 772. 



Veins and Beds, in Mining, 401. 



Velocity or speed of motion, 197. 



Venison, as food, 746 ; in Cookery, 758. 



VENTILATION, theory and practice of, 487-491 ; 

 in Agriculture, 534. 



Ventricles, cavities in the heart and brain, 118. 



Venus, second planet to the sun, described, 6. 



Vermes, division, in Zoology, 140. 



Vermicelli, manufacture and dietetic uses, 739. 



Vermilion, in Metallurgy, 413. 



Vertebrata (Lat vertebra, from vertere, to turn), 

 in Zoology, 154. 



Vespertilionidae, the Bat family, in Zoology, 189. 



Vestibule, part of ear, 127. 



Viaduct, a roadway raised on arches, 444. 



Viharas, Buddhist monasteries, 477. 



Villi, in Human Physiology, 116. 



Vine, in Botany, 93 ; in Horticulture, 588. 



Vinegar, 333. 



Viper, common (Pelias bents}, 164. 



Viperina, or venomous snakes, 163. 



Vision, defective vision, 246. 



Vitaceae, one of the Jussieuian orders in Botany, 



93- 



Vivariums, in Floriculture, 574. 

 Voice and Speech, in Human Physiology-, 128. 

 Volcanic projducts, 396. 

 Volcanoes, in Geology and Physical Geography, 



20, 57. 



Voltaic electricity, 268 ; piles and batteries, 268 ; 



application of, in the arts, 276. 

 Volute (Lat volvo, I roll up), in Architecture, 470. 

 Vulcanite, 383, 390. 

 Vultures ( Vulturida), order Raptores, in Zoology, 



176. 



Walking, as an exercise, 728. 



Wallflower, nature and culture of, 565. 



Walnut, character and cultivation of, coo, 



Walrus, 185. 



Warblers (Sylviada\ 174. 



Ward's cases for flowers, 572. 



WARMING VENTILATION LIGHTING, 481-496. 



Warping to reclaim flooded lands ; warp, the 

 muddy deposit so retained, 541. 



Warren, haunt of wild rabbits, 661. 



Wash-houses, establishment of public, 5 1 1. 



Wasps (Vespida), in Zoology, 149. 



WASTE LANDS, CULTURE OF, 537-541. 



Watches, their construction, &c. in Horology, 

 300, 304. 



Water, compressibility of, 225 ; as a mechanical 

 agent, 234 ; velocity and force of running water, 

 234; composition of, 311 ; hardness, 500, 



WATER, SUPPLY OF, 497 ; sources of, 498 ; 

 quality of, 499-502 ; modes of purifying, 502- 

 504 ; storage and distribution of, 504-506 ; in 

 Dietetics, 749. 



Water-fleas, 502. 



Waterproof fabrics, 382 ; as to health, 787. 



Water-spouts, explained, 46. 



Watt's inventions, 424. 



Waves, causes and character of, 62. 



Wax, how formed by the bee-tribe, 674. 



Wealden group, in Geology, 29. 



Weasel family (Mustelida), in Zoology, 185. 



Weather, in Meteorology, 47. 



Weaving, 381. 



Wedge, as a mechanical power, 215. 



Week, days of, how named, 290. 



Weight, in Natural Philosophy, 195, 200. 



Welding, 409, 



Wells, Artesian, 506. 



Whalebone, 179, 717. 



Whale family (Bal<rnitfa\ in Zoology, 179, 



Whale-fishing, 716 720; Greenland whales, 716; 

 spermaceti whale, 717 ; spermaceti whale-fishery, 

 718 ; whale-ships, 718; modes of capture, 718; 

 rise and progress of the Northern bea whale- 

 fishery, 719. 



Wheat, in Agriculture, 528 ; in Dietary, 738. 



Wheel and axle, 213; wheels and pinions, and 

 toothed and bevel wheels, 219, 220; eccentric 

 wheels, 221. 



Whelk, family Buccinida, \ 52. 



Whey, in Husbandry, 639 ; n Dietary, 748. 



Whirlpools, cause and effects of, 62. 



Whirlwinds explained, 46. 



Whisky, in Applied Chemistry, 351 ; as a beverage, 

 752. 



Whispering, 128. 



Whitebait, 710. 



Wigs, when introduced, 791, 797. 



Wild cherry, or gean-tree, cultivation of, 599. 



Willow, character and cultivation of, 600. 



Windpipe, or Trachea, in Human Physiology, 120. 



Winds, their classification and character, 43, 46 



Wine, in Applied Chemistry, 350; in Dietetics, 

 752 ; in Medicine, 779. 



Winnowing and winnowing-machines, 532. 



