ii8 KINDRED GROUP-MARRIAGE 



As we shall see later, the idea of kinship is accom- 

 panied by the idea of the wonted, the usual, the known. 

 Thus e'0o9, usage, and e0i/o9, a relation, caste, tribe, are 

 not accidentally co-radicate ; Sanskrit svatu a kinsman, 

 and Germanic situ, sitte, are both connected with the 

 Aryan root svedho, the usual, the known. Hence it 

 comes about that the root gen, kyn also signifies to 

 know, even as in Genesis iv. 1 " And Adam knew Eve 

 his wife " ; we see the double sense, which belongs also to 

 Latin cognosco, Greek ytyvooo-Kco. Nor are other illustra- 

 tions far to seek ; A. S. knosi, kindred, may be compared 

 with know itself; Greek <yvwros is a friend, kinsman, 

 brother, and the known ; Sanskrit gndti is relative, 

 but gndtd, recognition, perception. Thus from the 

 familiarity of the kin arose the conception of the 

 wonted, the known, 1 and this was the basis of Gothic 

 kunsps, the known (kuni, kindred), and so ultimately 

 of modern German kunst, art. 



(2) The next word which I believe to be associated 

 with the kindle notion is braut, bride. Deecke connects 

 it with a supposed Sanskrit root, b'rud, to veil. There 

 is no known instance of this root occurring, and I 

 believe that the notion of veiling has arisen from an 

 attempt to make the idea in bride correspond with that 

 in the Latin nubere. There is no Teutonic parallel to 

 this supposed root meaning veil, and I am inclined to 

 doubt whether in the earliest Aryan period there would 

 be enough clothing to spare for the luxury of veils. 

 Grimm and Bopp connect braut with Sanskrit praudha, 

 a past participle of pravah, to lead away. Thus the 



1 Compare Swabian hunt, kund for lover and kundeln for liebeshandeln ; das 

 kunta stands for the cattle. 



