120 KINDRED GROUP-MARRIAGE 



brilhen, bruen, briiden, which again connects the 

 brewing and breeding ideas, e.g. Gehey dich nur hin 

 und briihe deine Mutter ! Or again, Lat mi ungebriit ! 

 This is close, I think, to the real root of braut. In 

 M.H.G. we find : 



Gezieret und gekleidet wol, 

 Als man ze briuten tuon sol, 



Minnedurst. Von der Hagen, Abenteuer, iii. 99. 



That is, " to come well bedecked as befits a wedding." 



A. S. brittan denotes pounding, bruising ; while 

 braedan is either to breed or to warm. O.H.G. bruotan 

 has the same two meanings (cf. Latin fovere and fovea, 

 to warm and the womb). A.S. brid, English bird, is 

 the thing bred, warmed, or hatched. Thus the ultimate 

 notion is again that of the fire-sticks, or of kindling. 

 Graff connects bruotan with a root bar, Sanskrit bhr, 

 bhar, Greek </>ep, and Latin fer, 1 as in fertile. From 

 this very root he also deduces bhrdtr, frater, bruoder, 

 brurer, and brother. 2 So that the fundamental con- 

 ception of brother would be the one who causes to bear, 

 the male as breeder. The notion in brut of breed, 

 incubate, leads to the word having a variety of uses. 

 It is progenies, fetus, but is also used of either breeding 

 male or female, as in brutbiene, for drone, and brut- 

 henne, for brood-hen. The peasant in Ein Vasnachtspil 

 vom Dreck terms himself ein pruoter, a brooder or 



1 Possibly the notion also in Latin veretrum=feretrum. 



' 2 I do not think the notion of brother, as parents' son, existed before the 

 Aryan scatter. The Greeks use d5eX06s, the co-uterine one, and, like f rater in 

 Latin, this term is used for sister's children, and indeed for kinsmen by the 

 womb in general, (frpdrpa has a far wider significance than sons of the same 

 parents. 



