i;8 KINDRED GROUP-MARRIAGE 



friendly, loving, is also related), amo for camo, and all 

 the terms dealing with, the amorous and amatory may 

 be added, e.g. amicus, friend, arnica, female friend, 

 mistress ; caress = fondle, hug, is again from this root. 

 Fick is of opinion that Gothic hors, a male lover, 

 O.H.G. huora, English whore, are also derivatives of 

 kar, with its primitive notion of sexually yearn after. 

 Thus we see the sexual appetite again leading us to a 

 series of less and less animal affections, passing through 

 the ideas of what is charming, dainty, friendly, and 

 concluding with all the feelings summed up in charity. 



An almost similar evolution leads us from the root 

 ghar, to yearn after, through the notions of desiring, 

 rejoicing, pleasing, to the ideas of grace and gratitude. 

 In short, we pass from O.H.G. girt, giridi, glossed 

 concupiscentia, to the graciousness of the Charites, by 

 stages each one of which marks a gradual refinement of 

 the purely sexual longing. It is possible that camera, 

 chamber, and carmen, song, from the Jcam, kar root, 

 and %o/?ro9, hortus, yard, with %o/>o9, chorus, from the 

 ghar root (making no ultimate distinction between ghar, 

 yearn after, and ghar, seize), correspond to the notions 

 in gemach, hag, KM/JUT), and in Mleih, winileod, /cco/ju^Bla, 

 the mating-places and the mating-songs, which we find 

 arising from other roots with primitively a sexual value. 



(11) A difficult root or possibly pair of roots may 

 now be noted, namely, the Aryan dhar or dar, to hold, 

 fix, keep. Thus we have Sanskrit dhri, to hold, and 

 dridha, hard,^rm. The Teutonic root trewa meaning 

 the firm, the fast, and ultimately true, is really, I take 

 it, at the base of the idea in both tree and true, although 



