208 KINDRED GROUP-MARRIAGE 



used with the sexual significance. In the fifteenth-century 

 Fastnaclitspiele there is a good deal of obscene play on 

 this double meaning of vuotar, and the term vuotar- 

 wanne for the female organs of sex carries us at once to 

 Milton and the conception of pd in the father series. 

 One further word must be noted : M.H.Gr. vut, Icelandic 

 and Norse fu, Modern German fud and fotze for the 

 female sex-organs. 1 Schmeller connects fud with O.S. 

 fuodan, as Fick connects pdtra, Sanskrit for vessel, 

 holder, with pd, nourish, feed. 2 It would thus simply 

 be equivalent to vuotar, the sheath. We thus see the 

 original value of the pd or father root, to lie in ' fill,' 

 developing on the one side into fill with food, and on 

 the other with child, the two primitive savage concep- 

 tions. The ' fill ' value of the root is borne out by two 

 series of words denoting the ' fill ' or fodder, and the 

 filled vagina. If this view be correct, the primitive 

 Aryan father must not be looked upon as one having 

 special relations to the household, still less to the child, 

 but as simply a lover of the mother a ^vrcop. 5 



(6) As we have found a special name for the 

 mother's sister almost interchangeable with the name 

 mother itself, so we find there is one for father's brother 

 closely related to father. This is Sanskrit pitrvjas, 



1 The word/m is used for woman in Bavaria without any double meaning, 

 also gefudacli for womankind. In the Tyrol it is still used, but contemptuously. 

 In Allgau/ocfcZ, contracted into f el, is still retained in use for woman. 



2 Possibly an r has been lost, i.e. vutr for Gothic fodr, as A.S. fafte, father's 

 sister, for/aftre. 



3 In another widely-spread Aryan word for father, Greek rdra, Bohemian tata, 

 Welsh tad, English dad, Bavarian tatte, and Westphalian teite (see the Marchen, 

 De beiden KunigesJcinner), we do not find any definite idea of paternity. Thus 

 Sanskrit tdtas is friend, Greek T^TTO, is a term of affection used by a youth to his 

 elder ; while the corresponding Sanskrit form tdta is used by parents and teachers 

 to children. Bavarian tattl is any old man, from the deity to the village dotard. 



