IX.] 



CHEMISTRY OF NATURAL WATERS. 



129 



Table showing the Changes in the Caledonia Springs. 



In the later analyses of these waters, the carbonic acid in the 

 Gas Spring was found to equal, for 1,000 parts, .671 ; of which 

 .278 were required for the neutral carbonates. The Saline 

 Spring contained .664 of carbonic acid ; of which .290 go to 

 make up the neutral carbonates. The Sulphur Spring, in like 

 manner, gave of carbonic acid .573; while the neutral carbon- 

 ates of the water require only .191. All of these waters, in 

 January, 1865, thus contained an excess of carbonic acid above 

 that required to form bicarbonates with the carbonated bases pres- 

 ent ; while the analyses of the same springs in 1847 showed 

 a quantity of carbonic acid insufficient for the formation of bi- 

 carbonates with these bases. The questions of the cause of 

 this deficiency, and of the variation in the amount of carbonic 

 acid in these and other waters, will be considered in the third 

 part of this paper. 



48. The waters of our fifth and sixth classes, as defined in 

 34, are distinguished by the presence of sulpnates ; the for- 

 mer being acid, and the latter being neutral waters. In the 

 fifth class the principal element is sulphuric acid, associated 

 with variable and accidental amounts of sulphates of alkalies, 

 lime, magnesia, alumina, and iron. Apart from the springs of 

 6* i 



