Appendix 



with grass, and with a string made of a single strand of 

 a rush that grows in the forests. The pigmies are splendid 

 examples of the adaptability of Nature to her surroundings; 

 the combination of strength and conciseness enabling them 

 to move with astonishing rapidity in the pig-runs that 

 form the only pathway through the impenetrable growth, 

 and to endure the fatigue of elephant-hunting." 



NATIVES IN RUANDA (near Lake Kivu) : Cape to Cairo, 

 p. 118. 



'* Society in Ruanda is divided into two castes, the 

 Watusi and the Wahutu. The Watusi are the descend- 

 ants of a great wave of Galla invasion that reached even 

 to Tanganyika. They still retain their pastoral instincts, 

 and refuse to do any other work than the tending of cattle ; 

 and so great is their affection for their beasts, that rather 

 than sever company they will become slaves, and do the 

 menial work of their beloved cattle for the benefit of their 

 conquerors. This is all the more remarkable when one 

 takes into account their inherent pride of race and contempt 

 for other peoples, even for the white man. . . . Many 

 signs of superior civilisation, observable in the peoples 

 with whom the Watusi have come into contact, are traceable 

 to this Galla influence. 



" The hills are terraced, thus increasing the area of 

 cultivation, and obviating the denudation of fertile slopes 

 by torrential rains. In many cases irrigation is carried 

 out on a sufficiently extensive scale, and the swamps are 

 drained by ditches. Artificial reservoirs are built with side 

 troughs for watering cattle. The fields are in many cases 

 fenced in by planted hedges of euphorbia and thorn, and 

 similar fences are planted along the narrow parts of the 

 main cattle tracks, to prevent the beasts from straying or 

 trampling down the cultivation. 



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