TlfK DIIAK OR PAI.A- 



BUTEA 



FRONDOSA 



Bengal K:no 



, (I5al.fi-, Memoirs, lf>lil, (Kn^l. <<!.), :-*'>). They are alao used t" 



LI (llt-fit. Ind. Hemp Druga Comm., 1894, 157). In the hilln of Con t ml 



mils with tin- K.-rnrls are pounded and dried and Bubwuui-ntly baked 



i" l.i-fil (( 'lunch, Food-Grain* of 2nd., 177). From the Punjab ami 



Komhav tin- leaves arc reported aa used for K<>m.i:K. Tim TIMIIKK is not very Fodder. 

 luinl HIT iliirulile and is of small value, though inudo into spoons, plate*, toys Timbr. 

 .mil hodtitoadH, and is even employed for door ami window frames, plough- 

 han.llrs, etc. NVIntu insect-wax has been found on the tree in tlie Central Pro- 

 Tho krrnrls <>f it. iini/iiMii/uiiti. Hoxb.. are used like those of tin- 

 pri-ies. [Cf. Ain-i-Akbari (Hlorlmmim, initial. ), 1590, 71 ; Taleef Shereef 



). ls:s;t. us : Buchanan-Hamilton, Slat. Ace. Dinaj., Ittl ; , 



/nl I'l. li<nnb., 1884, 53-4, 217, etc.; Moodeen Sheriff, MaL Med. 

 Mad., iS'.tl. li'S-9; Journ. Soc. Chem. Indust., xi., 404; Ind. For., Sept. I 



_"i : Biscoe, Hyderabad Trees, 1895, 3 ; Kanny Lall Dey, Indig. Drugs 

 Ind.. IS'.iti, 53; Kept. Coll. Ind. Mus. Calc., 1901, 61 ; etc., etc.] 



; 



BUTEA FRONDOSA, itoj-b. ; FL Br. Ind., ii., 194 ; Roxburgh, D.E.P., 

 As. Res., 1792, iii., 469-74; Jones, As. Res., 1795, iv., 299-300; Buch.- i., 548-56. 

 Hum., Stat. Ace. Dinaj., 159; Solly, Journ. Roy. As. Soc., vii., 145; Heuze, Palaa - 

 Les. PI Indust., 1895, iv., 293 ; Gamble, Man. Ind. Timbs., 243-4 ; 

 rharmacog. Ind., i., 454-8 ; Cooke, Fl. Pres. Bomb., i., 371 ; Duthie, Fl. 

 Upper Gang. Plain, i., 240 ; Brandis, Ind. Trees, 230 ; LEGUMINOS^E. The 

 Butra Gum, Bengal Kino, or Bastard Teak, dhdk, palds, chichra, murup, 

 paras, khdkra, multuga, pauk, etc. From palds is said to be derived 

 Plassey (paldsi), the scene of Olive's victory. A moderate-sized deciduous 

 tree common throughout the plains of India and Burma, and ascending 

 the hills to about 4,000 feet in altitude. 



This well-known tree is, when in flower, a conspicuous feature of open country 

 and grass lands, owing to its brilliant flowers which appear at the beginning of 



ithe hot season. It is valuable for recovering salt-lands since it will grow even 

 where there is a bad efflorescence of reh (see Alkalis and Alkaline Earths Ren, 

 p. 55). It yields naturally, or from artificial scars on the bark, a GTTM Gum. 

 called chunid-gond, kamarkas, palds-ki-gond, etc., which occurs in round tears, as 

 large as a pea, of an intense ruby colour and astringent taste. The gum is used in 

 Native MEDICINE as a substitute for true kino (M'trtwartm* wi'Kiij</im. Medicine, 

 which see, p. 908). Roxburgh pointed out that it differed from true kino in being 

 more soluble and the solution more astringent in water than in spirit, just the 

 reverse being the case with the product of t't ! i-/>i. .\ , i as 



been written on the subject in chemical and pharmaceutical journals and other 

 pu Mirations. Hooper, for example, has dealt with it at length in the Phar- 

 maceutical Journal (June 23, 1900, 4th ser., x., 664 et seq.). 



The gum is usually very impure owing to careless collection, and it would 

 be a matter of some difficulty to clean it for medicinal purposes. In any case 

 with true kino available in India, in sufficient quantity to meet all medical 

 requirements, there is not likely to be any market for this substitute. The Lac Lac. 

 insect (p. 1053) is reared upon the tree in India, and it is regarded as affording 

 the second best quality. [Cf. Tachardia lacca, Agri. Ledg., 1901, No. 9, 181, 211, 

 221, 224, 230-1, 235, 238-9, 242, 250, etc., etc.] The gum may be used both as 

 a DYE and TAN, but for these purposes is hardly, if at all, in demand outside Dye and Tan. 



The Natives are said to use it to purify and precipitate blue indigo. It 

 possible that if the bark or wood were utilised as in preparing fnterim. 

 pure tanning extract might be obtained. The flowers, called tesu, keau, etc., 

 yield a brilliant yellow dye by simple decoction, but the colour is fleeting, though 

 rendered a little less so by the addition of an alkali. Formerly it was much used 

 at the H6li festival, the fleeting character being regarded as an advantage, but 

 at the present time it appears to have lost its popularity, being supplanted 

 by aniline dyes. Hummel and Perkin (Journ. Soc. Chem. Indust., 1895, xiv., 

 459-60) point out that under certain treatment the colours given by Butm 

 flowers resemble those afforded by young fustic. Hence these chemists add 

 that they " cannot therefore endorse Sir Thomas Wardle's opinion that if ' 

 Howrrs could be obtained in sufficient quantity and sulliririitly rhcaj> they 



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