A three-months' 

 nine-months' 



CAJANUS 



CONGO OR ANGOLA PEA IN DIG us 



Cultivation 



i- those of /i,i !. . while the spotted pods were those of fc<v.ir. Many 

 yean previously Jwqnin cultivated at the Botanic gardens of Vienna two 

 .if -fij<fiiiiM. the seeds of which he tells us were obtained from Tranque- 

 Imr (nciir Tanjore) and from the Lesser Antilles respectively. The former grew cilraaUo 

 nii-li l.ii-L.-1-r size than the latter, and flowered freely. His admirable plate Influence. 

 the Indian plant to have been *. <</. The plant cultivated in 

 . 'iiilU's has been repeatedly figured and described since Jucquin's time, 

 !uu in all coses it would also appear to be r. </. The inference may, in 

 fiu-t . 1)0 drawn that that form is much more tropical in its habitat than t . // MM, 

 which in India is a cold-season crop. 



M.illison (Textbook Ind. Agri., iii., 70-3) does not apparently appreciate Bombay Racw. 

 full value of the two botanical varieties indicated. He tells us that in 

 nl'.iy there are two forms (1) with white seeds, grown mostly in Gujarat ; 

 with red or light-brown seeds, grown to a slight extent in Gujarat and in 

 era! cultivation throughout other parts of the Presidency. " These va- 

 ," he then adds, " appear to hybridise freely when grown mixed." 

 red-seeded variety does not grow well in the black soils of Surat and 

 ch." Further on he, however, says the tuver is raised mainly as a 

 ced crop, and participates in the tillage given to its associate. It is grown Associated 



bajra (in that case being sown from 1st to 15th June) ; with juar (June- Crops. 

 ly) ; with kodra (June) ; with seaamum (September), etc., etc. Thus in 

 ambay there are both rabi and kharif races of this pea, just as in most other 

 of India, and these correspond doubtless with the botanical varieties 

 ridly described above. The existence of two separate crops (the seeds of which 

 juld most probably not be interchangeable) is directly stated by the Annual 

 sports of the Department of Land Records and Agriculture, where the area 

 rated to the kharif and rabi forms is shown separately. In the Thana Gazetteer Period of 

 is stated that an early crop occurs on the uplands and a dry-weather crop on G rowtn - 

 late or rabi soils, and that these ripen in November and February respectively. 

 is thus certain that the existence of two such crops, one occupying the soil 

 only three months and the other for nine months, is a far more important 

 cumstance than the colour of the pea, the more so since it seems probable p 

 it the peas may be white, red or mottled in both varieties, the colour of the 

 ad being possibly a racial characteristic. 



Cameron writes of Mysore that there are three forms of rj>it* a large Three Forms 

 rm confined to gardens, known as turuk-togari, and two smaller field forms in Mysore. 

 lown as walada-togari and sauna-togari respectively. Stewart, speaking of 



Panjab, observes, " The yellow and parti-coloured kinds are not uncommon, Panjab Forms. 

 > one as a cold-, and the other as a hot- weather crop." Of Raipur, we read of 

 are being two forms of arhar or tur, a small and early form (possibly c. flu run) 

 swn as harona, and a larger and late kind called mihi. Both these are said to 

 sown at the same time, but the former ripens about two months before the 

 tter. Duthie and Fuller tell us that ftteoio*- is the form most extensively grown 

 the United Provinces, and that flnvun takes its place in the Central Provinces, u. Pror. 



tur grows remarkably well in Nimar a man on horseback being often and 0. Prov. 

 ipletely hidden within the fields. Roxburgh was told of a third form met 

 th on the highlands which constitute the northern boundary of the Circars. 

 J. Wood (Bee. Bot. Surv. Ind., ii., 20) says that in Chota Nagpur there 

 three varieties and that these ripen in January, March and November. 

 su (Agri. Lohardaga, 1890, 69) observes that there are two forms known Two Forms. 

 maghoa and cheytoa, so named from the months when they come into season, 

 it the maghoa has much larger peas than the cheytoa. So again Banerjei Bengal and 



Cuttack, 1893, 82) says there are two kinds of arhar, the pala or Assam Forms. 

 litra and the deo or noli. Of Assam, Basu (Agri. Ledg., 1903, No. 5. 136) 

 rks that the dal grown locally is inferior to the imported pulse, and that 

 cordingly it is more frequently raised with a view to protect sugar-cane, than 

 a pulse. It ripens in March to April. 



Cultivation. Hot-season Peas. Throughout the world pigeon-pea culti- Cultiva- 

 tion has been commended as desirable for all tropical countries, on account tion. 



the green peas it affords being an excellent substitute for the common 

 garden pea, and it comes into season during the hot months when the ordi- 

 nary pea is not available. With this object in view its cultivation has been 

 extended into most temperate and moist tropical regions. An excellent 



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