CANNABIS OR HEMP 



CANNABIS 



SATIVA 



CANNABIS SATIVA, Linn. : C. indica, Lamk. ; Fl. Br. Ind., 

 h.-.-de, //or/. Mai, 1690, x., pi. 60-1 ; Rumphius, Herb. Amb., 

 H50, v., 208-11, pi. 71; Roxb., Fl. Ind., iii., 772; Duthie and Fuller, 

 and Garden Crops, 1882, pt. i., 80-1, tt. xix., xx. ; Prain, Morphol., 

 and Diclin. of Flowers of Cannabis, in Scient. Mem. Offic. Med. 

 San. Dept., Ind., n.s., 1904, No. 12 ; URTICACE.S. 



following may be given as the more important names : Hemp (fibre), 

 i -hrinp (the narcotics), Canvas (coarse textile), English ; cannabi*, Greek 

 Latin; canaib, Keltic; kanas, Modern Breton; chanvre, Fr. ; canamo, 

 can/tamo, Port. ; canape. It. ; canapa, Human. ; canep, kerp, Albanian ; 

 Una. ; konopj, penka, pienka and penek, Polish and Old Slav. ; kemp, 

 slg. ; hampa, hamp, Swed. and Danish ; hanf or hanaf, Old High Germ. ; 

 tli -mi. ; knapioa, Pruss. ; Hanfr, Iceland; hennup, kennip, Dutch; 

 Bulg. ; kentyr, Tartar ; kant, Erse ; kanaq, Armen. ; schema, Mughal ; 

 , Tanjut ; naha, asarath, malach, Turk. ; kin-dur, Turko-Tart. ; kirs, 

 kandir, Kashgar ; kandbira, Syrian ; kinif, Kurd. ; kief, Morocco ; 

 si-ma (great or male) and tsu-ma, chu-ma (seed-bearing or female), 

 iese ; asa (the plant and fibre), nuno or jofu (the hempen cloth), Japanese ; 

 mgd, vijayd, indrasana, Sanskrit ; bhang, beng bhang, haschisch, siddhi, sabzi, 

 a/a, charas, majun, jia, kas, Hind., Beng., Nepal, Pb., C. Prov., Kaoh, 

 ij. f Deccan ; sini, sirin, Sind ; ganjdyi, korkkar, kalpam, Tarn, and Tel. ; 

 i-lacki-lacki, ginjil-achi-lachi, (kalengi-cansjava (male) or bhangi, etc., 

 Rheede, gingi of Rumphius), Malay ; kinnab, hinab, of younger Serapion, 

 in Matthiolus, and axis or assis in Acosta, Linschoten, Rumphius, 

 Arabic (axis, assis are doubtless the Arabic haschisch) : dakka, docha, 

 lottentot ; and riamba, diambe, or jamba, W. Africa (Negro) ; darakhte-kinnab, 

 nabatul-gunnab, Persian ; bMn, sejav, Burmese ; matkansha, ganja-gaha, 

 ihalese ; ahets-mangha, rongoyne, Madagascar. 



Habitat. The Hemp plaut grows in a wild or spontaneous state over 

 wide an area, but at the same time is always so closely associated with 

 ices that are or may have been inhabited or used as trade routes, that 

 is difficult to say where it originated. The widest range claimed for 

 rild hemp covers the area from Trans-Baikal and Dahuria westward and 

 juthward to Bokhara, the Trans-Caspian province, Russia south of the 

 iucasus, and, according to Hooker, the North- Western Himalaya. It 

 s. however, as plentiful in an acclimatised state in Japan and Northern 

 la, and in the Sub-Himalayan zone of Northern India, as in any part 

 )f the region indicated, though it is admittedly there only a plant of 

 waysides and waste places. Having regard to the value of the situations 

 affects, Prain, in his report on ganja, does not regard it as indigenous 

 sither in India proper or along the North-West frontier. But even 

 some of the Siberian districts accepted as part of its original 

 lome, it has been noted as occurring near dwellings, and Gmelin (Fl. 

 tibir. Hist. PL, 1768, iii., 104) seems to believe it to be wild simply 

 sause the Buriats and Krasnoiar Tatars do not actually sow it. The 

 rguments against its being wild in Northern and Central Asia are thus 

 lost as strong as in the case of Eastern and South-Eastern Asia. So 

 ir as India is concerned, the conclusion of the Hemp Drugs Commission 

 probably correct, namely that it is not indigenous. 



Properties and Uses. The hemp plant is known to yield three 

 listinct products, or perhaps rather groups of products, separately dealt 

 rith in this work : 



A BAST FIBRE, largely employed in the manufacture of cordage 

 ropes and coarse textiles. 



An EDIBLE SEED, from which a useful fatty OIL is expressed. 

 A NARCOTIC resinous substance that appears in trade in three chief 



249 



D.E.P., 

 ii., 103 26. 

 Hemp. 



Vernacular 

 Names. 



Habitat. 



Not Indigenous 

 in India. 



Products. 



Fibre. 



Edible Seed. 

 Narootic. 



