MALABATHRUM AN I' DALCHINI 



CINNAMOMUM 



TAMALA 



Tejpat 

 on. 



Fn>m ili,- I-.,.. i tark, as also the leaves, Kheede remarks, on oil WM prepared 



ixl a* mi external medicine. It would Hoem probable also that thi.s plant 



Is the kala-nagke*(ir or immature fruits that are sent to Bombay from the Kala-nagketar. 



ir forests. ChifliuH in his version of Garciu de Orta (Hist. KJI. /'/.. 1605, 



.1 picture of tatnalapatru, in which he shows unripe flower-buds that 



correspond with the Icala-nagkesar of modern commerce. Th'-y were 



prohaMy in ancient times employed in flavouring the wine known aa Hippocras. 



It is hanlly necessary to give the warning that they must not be confused with 



LOWERS (see p. 14). The CASSIA BARK of Malabar may also come &Ulab*r OMU. 

 from this plant, though it is doubtless mainly procured from the wild plants of 

 *ryi,int,ii>,i. [(?/. Jonston, Hist. Nat. de Arbor., 1662, 164.] Marco Polo 

 interesting particulars of the Cinnamon and Cloves of Yunnan which in some 

 ivi-all the traffic in the Malabar products. [(?/. ed. Yule, ii., 32, 35, 

 .-. | 



C. obtusifollum, Heea; the ramtezpat, kinton, bara-singoli, nupsor, patihonda, Ramtezpat. 

 tti, krotoai, lulingyaw, etc., is an evergreen tree of the outer Eastern 

 lava, Eastern Bengal, Kliasia hills, Burma, Andaman Islands, etc. It 

 yes a TIMBER said to be useful for boxes, planking, etc. The leaves are aroma- Timber, 

 and used as a spice in place of those of f. Ttitnnin and the bark is one of 

 trade qualities of CASSIA LIONKA, and after r. Taunt in is perhaps the best 

 >wn of all the qualities met with in India ; it comes from Assam, Darjeeling 

 i Nepal to Bengal and the United Provinces. 



C. Wightll, Meissn. ; is recorded as met with in the Nilgiri hills. Holmes 

 55) mentions a sample of thick unscraped bark attributed to this species 

 I sent from Ootacamund. It had a sharp taste recalling the flavour of nutmeg. 



C. Tamala, Nees ; Agri. Ledg., 1896, No. 38. The CASSIA LIGNEA or Cassia 

 CINNAMON ; the to/, kikra, kirkiria, sinkami, chota sinkoli, Ligfnea. 

 tpsor, dopatti, tamdld, thitchabo, thit-kya-bo, zarnab (tree), talispatri, 

 sha-pattiri, tajpat or tejpdt, lavanga patte, dieng latyrpat (leaves), etc. 

 le word tamdli occurs in the Raja Nirghanta, and tejpat is apparently 

 rived from the Sanskrit tvach. A moderate -sized evergreen tree of the 

 mlaya, rare from the Indus to the Sutlej, but common thence east- 

 to East Bengal, the Khasia hills and Burma, between 3,000 and 

 feet, 



Adams (Comment, in Paulus Mgineta, iii., 238) and other writers 

 ive identified the Malabathrum of the Greeks and of the Romans with 

 tejpat of India. There seems no doubt that the leaf of this plant has 

 an traded in and exported from India for many centuries. The leaf 

 in fact, a more important product than the bark. 



History of Cassia Lignea. Owing to the confusion which existed in former History, 

 les with regard to the CASSIA barks, it is almost impossible to give a connected 

 of the history of any one of them. It may be observed that even in 

 heyday of the East India Company the " Cassia " products mentioned in their 

 Drds are almost invariably of Chinese origin. Hence Milburn (Or. Comm., 1813, 

 500), who gives a very clear account of the trade, both in the bark and the 

 warns traders against the coarse, dark and badly packed CASSIA LIGNEA of 

 ibar. It is, however, interesting to notice that the most recent investigations 

 show such a close connection between the Cassia trees of China and India that 

 the former, which appears actually to extend into Burma and Assam, has been 

 regarded by some authorities as a mere variety of the Indian C. Tain a la. As 

 already observed, recent specimens of Cassia Lignea leave no room for doubt 

 that the better qualities of the Assam bark are derived from the true c. Catmia. 

 81.. and are, therefore, the genuine Cassia Lignea of the ancients and the bark 

 which is so largely exported at the present day from Canton. Concerning the 

 Indian CASSIA LIGNEA the to/ there may be said to be two localities of supply, TWO Chief 

 and thus two main sets of qualities : (a) Western and Southern India the bark Qualities. 

 >f r. -.,,//,,, mainly,and(6) Eastern and Northern India and Burma, obtained 

 H! i in ist exclusively from <'. Tamala and to a small extent from <'. o*tn*ifoHutn and 

 . i ii *.. Gamble suggests that the necessary forest regulations of Darjeeling may 

 have interfered with or restricted the trade. [Cf. Malabathrum, Garcia de Orta, Coll., 

 xxiii.; also Comment, by Ball in Boy. Ir. Acad., 3rd ser., i., 409; Folium Indicum 



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