CITRUS 



TIIK WATER-MELON Orange, Lemon, etc 



ndwana, kalingad, kalanyari, karigo, pitchapullum, etc. ; pateca, Portu- 

 guese, and batiec indi (battikh) Persian. It appears to be the Anguria 

 niiiiiy anrit'iit herbalists and travellers, and the bathiec, batiec, bittch, 

 i In- Arabs. It is the abattichim (melons) sighed for by the Israelites 

 r tin- t-xoiliis. 



\ti-nsivt- climbing annual, cultivated throughout India and all Habitat. 

 \\aiin countries. Is supposed to be indigenous in tropical Africa. 

 It is usually sown in January-February, the fruit ripening in the saon. 

 Itt-^inninji of the hot season. In the United Provinces a special form, 

 known us knlinda, is sown in June and ripens in October. In 

 \Y.'.-it-ni India (Sind more especially) the water-melon is a Mart/ crop 

 linlv. Very frequently grown on the sandy beds of rivers, where 

 pl'-nty of room and a copious supply of water are available. Mention is 



1 1 made, by writers on this subject, of a special form grown in Bikanir special Eaoe. 

 almost pure sand, the fruits being often practically underneath the 

 d. There are thus doubtless many cultivated conditions or states, 

 t vary in the colour and flavour of the pulp, and season and locality 

 production. The wild plant may be either bitter or sweet without Bitter aa< i 

 y observable structural differences. The bitter form (('. aninrtm, swc-c. 

 rod.) comes very close to C. I'uloriinthi*, when that species is 

 tivated. The bitter water-melon is in Sind known as kirbut and is Medicine. 



as a purgative MEDICINE. 



The water-melons of the Upper and Central Provinces are the best. They 

 extensively employed in the preparation of sherbets. The seeds yield a 

 pid OIL used both as an illuminant and in cooking. In times of scarcity Oil. 

 y are pulverised and baked into bread. In medicine, they are in considerable 

 land on account of their cooling, diuretic and strengthening qualities. [Cf 

 -t-^lJfc6ari(Blochmann, transl.), i., 65; Garcia de Orta, Pateca, Coll., xxxvi. ; also 

 linen t. by Ball in Roy. Ir. Acad., 3rd. ser., i., 653 ; Linschoten, Voy. E. Ind. (ed. 

 kl. Soc.), ii., 35 ; Mandelslo, Travels, 1638, in Olearius, Hist. Muscovy, etc., 

 2, 86 ; Buchanan-Hamilton, Stat. Ace. Dinaj., 196 ; Lawrence, Valley of 

 thmir, 348; Firminger, Man. Oard. Ind. (ed. Cameron), 1904, 230, etc. For 

 Anguria or Batiec or Pateca : Rauwolf, Trav., ii., 4, in Ray, Collection Travels, 

 38, 124; Coryat, Crudities, 1611, i., 396; Salmasius, Horn. Hyles latricas, 

 Plin. Exer., 1689, 37; Rumphius, Batteca or Battich, Herb. Amb., 1750, v., 

 3, t. cxlvi. ; Joret, Les PI. dans V Antiq., 1904, ii., 252 ; etc.] 



Var. flstulosus, Stocks ; Duthie and Fuller, I.e. pt. ii., pi. 47 ; the 



"us, tendu, tensi, tinda, meho, alvinda, titak, etc. 



This seems a peculiar form fairly local and much less known than the pre- 

 ing. Chiefly met with in the United Provinces, Panjab and Sind, where it 

 specially designated dilpasand. Cultivated along with other melons from Vegetable, 

 iril to October, and eaten as a VEGETABLE, not as a fruit, being cut into sec- 

 >ns, the seeds removed, then boiled in water, next in milk. Cut into still 

 aller pieces it is cooked in curry, and also fairly largely pickled and candied, 

 is in much demand both by Muhammadans and Hindus, but appears as a 

 le unknown to Europeans. The seeds are used MEDICINALLY. They are Medicine, 

 dried and eaten parched. 



CITRUS, Linn. ; Bonavia, Cult. Oranges and Lemons Ind., etc., D.E.P., 

 1890 ; also Fl. Assyr. Monuments, 1894, 65-72 ; Victor Loret, Le Cedratier, " 333-58. 

 1891 ; Garcelon, Fifteen Years with the Lemon, 1891 ; Moore, Orange Literature 

 Culture, 1892; Nicholls, Textbook Trop. Agri., 1892, 144-58; Cooke, orange,**- 

 Fl. Pres. Bomb., 1901, i., 188-91 ; Duthie, FL Upper Gang. Plain, 1903, 

 139^2 ; Prain, Beng. Plants, i., 306-7 ; Firminger, Man. Gard. Ind. (ed. 

 Cameron), 1904, 276-84; Brandis, Ind. Trees., 122-3; RUTACE*. Production in 



different forms of the Orange, the Lemon, the Citron, the Lime the Tropic*. 



317 



