THE INDIAN CLAYS 



Import 

 Trade. 



Contributing 

 Countries. 



Receiving 

 Provinces. 



COAL 



Trade in 

 Earthen-ware 



tion are Persian in technique, a view supported by the circumstance that 

 there are no records of an indigenous Indian glazing art in Baluchistan. 



Deterioration. The modern demand for cheap Indian work is rapidly causing a deteriora- 

 tion from the original tile models of former times. Fortunately the 

 shapes of the unglazed and painted wares, platters, cooking-pots, water- 

 jars, etc., are as yet uncontaminated by foreign demands and hence 

 remain graceful and well worthy of study, alike by the antiquary and 

 the artist. 



[<?/. Birdwood, Indust. Arts 2nd., 1884, 387-418 ; Mukharji, Art Manuf. Ind., 

 1888, 283-93 ; Journ. Ind. Art, 1885, Nos. 9 and 10 ; 1886, Nos. 12. 14, 16 ; 1887, 

 Nos. 17, 19, 20 ; 1888, Nos. 23, 24 ; 1889, No. 28 ; 1890, No. 29 ; 1891, No. 33 ; 

 1892, Nos. 41, 42 ; 1894, No. 52 ; 1895, Nos. 55, 57, 58 ; 1897, No. 45 ; Mono- 

 graphs, Pottery and Glassware : T. N. Mukharji, Bengal, 1895 ; Maconochie, 

 Bombay, 1895 ; Dobbs, United Prov., 1895 ; Taw Sein-Ko, Burma, 1894-5 ; 

 Watt, Ind. Art at Delhi, 1903, 80-98, pi. 20 (a).] 



Trade. The value of the EARTHENWARE and PORCELAIN (excluding 

 earthenware piping) imported in 1899-1900 was Rs. 19,90,369, but it 

 rose in the succeeding years, until in 1903-4 it reached Rs. 28,00,038, and 

 in 1906-7 Rs. 38,99,824. The United Kingdom usually supplies 50 per 

 cent., whilst Belgium, Germany and the Straits Settlements contribute 

 between them about 40 per cent. The chief receiving provinces in 1906-7 

 were Bengal, Bombay and Burma, which took respectively quantities 

 valued at Rs. 14,22,977, Rs. 12,27,104, and Rs. 8,93,767. A small pro- 

 portion (Rs. 2,58,929 in 1906-7) was re-exported and sent to Persia, Arabia, 

 the United Kingdom, Turkey-in-Asia, East Africa, etc. EARTHENWARE 

 PIPING (which is mentioned separately in official statistics) is imported 

 from the United Kingdom, and in 1906-7 amounted to 31,347 cwt. 

 (Rs. 2,16,808), most of it being received by Bombay. BRICKS AND TILES 

 are taken by India, principally from the United Kingdom and into Bombay. 



imports. Both in quantity and value the imports increased by more than 100 per 



cent, during the five years ending 1903-4. In the first year of that series 

 they were in number 3,641,594, valued at Rs. 2,14,255, and in 1903-4 

 they were 7,135,872, valued at Rs. 5,16,610. Since then they have con- 

 tinued to increase to 14,922,191 (Rs. 10,64,560) in 1906-7. India also 

 imports a small quantity of CLA Y. The amount in 1906-7 was 56,889 cwt., 

 valued at Rs. 96,557, and the country chiefly concerned may be said to 

 be the United Kingdom, the supply being consigned to Bombay, Bengal 

 and Burma. 



Exports. The total value of Indian EARTHENWARE (except piping) exported 



in 1906-7 was only Rs. 44,709, consisting of certain small consignments 

 from Madras, Bombay and Bengal to Ceylon and the United Kingdom. 

 EARTHENWARE PIPING, not included in the above, is exported chiefly 

 from Bengal to the Straits Settlements. The amount in 1906-7 was 

 7,690 cwt. (Rs. 34,368). The exports of Indian bricks and tiles go 

 principally from Madras to Ceylon. In 1899-1900 they were valued at 

 Rs. 68,797, and in 1906-7, Rs. 1,03,314. 



D.E.P., 

 ii., 378-95. 



Coal. 



COAL. Ball, Man. Econ. Geol. Ind., 1881, 59-119, 592-604; Mem. 

 and Rec. Geol. Surv. Ind. for past 20 years ; Watt, Rev. Min. Prod. Ind., 

 1894 to 1897 ; Dunstan, Coal Res. Ind., in Journ. Soc. Arts, Feb. 1902 ; 

 Imp. Inst. Tech. Repts., 1903, 319-77 ; also Rec. Geol. Surv. Ind., 1906, 

 xxxiii., 241 ; Holland, Rev. Min. Prod. Ind., 1898-1903, in Rec. Geol. Surv. 

 Ind., 1905, xxxii., 17-45 ; 1907, xxxvi., 66-71 ; Stat. Min. Prod. Ind., 



332 



