CLUSTK1MIKAN 



8ooroe ' 



CYAMOPSIS 



PSORALIOIDES 



Cluster-bean 



was 121,540 owt., valued at Rs. 9,15,556, of which Bengal took 53,308 cwt. 

 and Bombay 43,661 cwt. ; the coastwise exports, however, have .-. 

 fallen t< 03,122 cwt. in 1905-6. The Bengal supply came from Madras 

 ami the Bombay from ports within its own presidency. Madras is thus 

 ulency most concerned in the external supply, and Bengal the 

 IrpciK Irnt of all Indian provinces on external production. The 

 total traffic by rail and river was in 1906-7, 641,662 cwt., against 

 .>:_' ,,()'.) -wt. in 1904-5. The chief distributing provinces are usually 

 .Madras, Bombay and Bengal, and of the ports, Calcutta followed by 

 Bombay are those most concerned. But the rail-borne traffic from Cal- 

 cutta is a direct consequence of the large receipts by sea from Madras. 



With regard to commercial qualities, Semler (Trop. Agrik., 1900, ii., 639) commercial 

 says that the best turmeric is considered to be the Chinese, especially 

 ''oimosan ; the next the Indian, produced in Bengal, Pegu, and Madras; 

 rhilst Bombay and Sind afford the worst qualities. As a rule turmeric 

 sold in Europe in powder-form, but if the solid be desired, the rhizome- 

 igers should be chosen big, hard, heavy and difficult to break, deep- 

 coloured, with warm aromatic taste and a distinct aromatic effluvia. In 

 lese directions for selection, Semler practically repeats the advice given by 

 [ilburn in 1813 (I.e. 542), but it is possible they are quite applicable to 

 le modern trade. The price on the European markets varies from 12a. 

 26s. per cwt. 



[Cf. Montgomery Martin, Hist. Antiq., etc., 1838, ii., 834-5 ; Taylor, Topog. 

 Slot. Dacca, 1840, 139 ; Journ. Soc. Chem. Indust., 1895, xiv., 1079 ; Woodrow, 

 jrd. 2nd., 1899, 479-80 ; Russell, Monog. Dyes, C. Prow., 11-5 ; Holder, Madras, 

 Giles, Note on Karini Dyes ; Andrews, Ind. Text. Journ., viii., 59 ; Hurst, 

 Dyeing and Printing, 84 ; Dutt, Mat. Med. Hind., 1900, 255-6 ; Thorpe, 

 Hot. Appl. Chem., 1900, iii., 886-9 ; Allen, Comm. Or. Anal., iii., 458-61 ; Soc. 

 Ihem. Indust., 1902, xxi., 1559-60 ; Greenish, Micro. Exam, of Foods and Drugs, 

 1903, 286-7 ; Joret, Lea PI. dans V Antiq., 1904, ii., 265 ; Blyth, Foods, Their 

 7omp. and Anal., 74, 86-7, 141, 490 ; Leach, Food Inspection, etc., 1905, 350-3 ; 

 lanausek, Micro. Tech. Prod. (Winton and Barber, transl.), 1907, 262-6.] 



CYAMOPSIS PSORALIOIDES, L>C. ; Fl Br. Ind., ii., 92 ; 

 thie and Fuller, Field and Garden Crops, pt. ii., 24-5, pi. xxxv ; Church, 

 Food-Grains of Ind., 124 ; Mollison, Textbook Ind. Agri., iii., 84-5 ; Duthie, 

 Fl. Upper Gang. Plain, i., 247-8 ; Cooke, Fl Pres. Bomb., i., 308 ; LEGU- 

 NOS^E. The Cluster-bean, gudr, gauri, guvar, kuwdra, kauri, kachhur, 

 urti, dararhi, mutki, buru raker, pai-pdzoon. A robust annual pulse 

 ultivated in many parts of India from the Himalaya to the Western 

 'eninsula, and never found truly wild in any part of India. 

 Mollison mentions three forms met with in Kaira and Baroda Territory, 

 (1) pardeshi, sown sparsely amongst kharif cereals ; (2) sotia guvar, growing 

 t to ten feet high and sown extensively in Gujarat. It is raised as a shade 

 lant to ginger and the leaves are left on the ground as green manure ; in the 

 "en lands of Surat it is grown with cucumbers, being planted in May and 

 _ated till the rains. The pods are used as a vegetable and served like French 

 beans j (3) deshi, the common form,, with violet seeds, sown^as an ordinary 

 dry crop and extensively used as cattle-fodder. Duthie and Fuller mention a 

 form known as deoband kawdra, which is often cultivated in the United Pro- 

 vinces as a hedge or shade plant. They observe also that when the plant is 

 cultivated as a vegetable it is grown on highly manured land near villages, but 

 when raised for cattle-fodder is cultivated on light sandy soils. It is sown 

 at the commencement of the rains and cut in October. The average yield of 

 pulse is about 10 maunds to the acre. Gudr is specially suitable as a green 

 manure or green fodder crop owing to the amount of nitrogen it contains and its 

 comparative freedom (when young) from fibre. Church gives the nutrient ratio 



449 29 



D.E.P., 

 ii., 673-4. 

 Cluster- 

 bean. 



Varieties. 

 Shade Plaat. 



Vegetable. 

 Fodder. 



' IfMB M.ir.urv. 



