DAIRY FARMING 



Trade in Ghi 



ANIMAL FATS AND OILS 



Nepal. 



Foreign. 



Imports. 



Consigned to 

 Sind and 

 Bombay. 



Exports. 



Chief Ports, 

 Calcutta and 

 Bombay. 



Tallow. 



Animal 

 Oils. 



Soap and 

 Candles. 



Total 

 Trade. 



Rs. 23,57,459 ; and lastly Nepal sent 42,765 cwt., valued at Rs. 22,09,334. 

 The Kashmir ghi goes to the N.W. Frontier Province and the Panjab ; 

 the Dir, Swat and Bajaur also into the N.W. Frontier Province ; and 

 the Nepal into the United Provinces and Bengal. 



The re-exports of foreign ghi are unimportant, but have ranged from 

 a valuation of Rs. 1,037 up to Rs. 2,07,185. 



Foreign Trade. The IMPORTS being the least important may be disposed 

 of first. This traffic is subject to extreme and sudden fluctuations. In 

 1876 the imports of ghi were valued at Rs. 2,76,395 ; in 1880-] , Rs. 16,486 ; 

 in 1886-7, Rs. 7,03,432 ; in 1890-1, Rs. 4,13,299 ; in 1896-7, Rs. 4,28,432 ; 

 in 1900-1, Rs. 10,71,024 ; in 1901-2, Rs. 4,17,476 ; in 1902-3 they 

 were 21,370 lb., valued at Rs. 8,515 ; in 1903-4, 127,868 lb., valued at 

 Rs. 50,722 ; and in 1906-7, 492,493 lb., valued at Rs. 2,13,861. The supply 

 comes from Mekran and Sonmiani, Turkey-in-Asia, the neighbouring 

 pastoral tracts of Southern Baluchistan, and recently from East Africa. 

 It is consigned mainly to Sind and Bombay. 



Turning now to EXPORTS, these for many years past have manifested 

 a continuous expansion. In 1876-7 they were 1,004,661 lb., valued 

 at Rs. 3,57,250. Twenty years later (1896-7) the figures were 3,672,349 lb., 

 valued at Rs. 15,00,990, and during recent years for which returns are 

 available they were in 1902-3, 6,418,045 lb., valued at Rs. 27,26,750 ; in 

 1903-4, 5,390,865 lb., valued at Rs. 22,90,825 ; in 1904-5, 6,097,917 lb., 

 valued at Rs. 26,67,250 ; and in 1906-7, 4,884,252 lb., valued at 

 Rs. 22,65,443. By far the most important centre is Calcutta, followed 

 by Bombay, and the receiving countries may be said to be the Straits 

 Settlements, Natal, Aden, Ceylon, Hongkong, Mauritius, British East 

 Africa, Aden, etc. An effort was made some few years ago to foster the 

 traffic in Indian produce sent to Australia, and ghi at that time attracted 

 considerable attention. But the trade cannot be said to have materially 

 expanded. 



Other Animal Fats. In conclusion it may be desirable to extend 

 this brief review of the traffic in ghi so as to include all animal oils and 

 fats, since these are often closely associated with ghi. The IMPORTS are 

 Animal Oils, Butter, Ghi and Tallow. The traffic in the last mentioned 

 is a large and prosperous one. In 1876-7 the imports of Tallow were 

 305,088 lb., valued at Rs. 62,671 ; in 1903-4, 2,352,224 lb., valued at 

 Rs. 5,93,127 ; and in 1906-7, 4,125,744 lb., valued at Rs. 9,14,834. Next 

 in interest are the Animal Oils, which in 1876-7 were 3,246 gallons, valued 

 at Rs. 10,664 ; in 1903-4 were 389,256 gallons, valued at Rs. 4,45,217 ; 

 and in 1906-7, 584,428 gallons, valued at Rs. 5,70,655. The lard and 

 animal oils to some extent doubtless manifest the demands of the soap and 

 candle works of India. The butter trade has been already noticed (p. 477), 

 and need not be further mentioned. It is not known to what extent the 

 imports of butter may in reality be margarine. But by adding the tallow, 

 animal oils and butter to the ghi, the total imports of these substances 

 were in 1903-4 valued at Rs. 14,05,602, and in 1906-7, Rs. 19,65,986. 

 Similarly the EXPORTS may be briefly discussed. These are Animal Oils, 

 Ghi, Lard and Tallow. In 1903-4 these were valued collectively at 

 Rs. 25,52,340 (ghi being, as will be seen from the figures above, by far 

 the most important article) ; in 1905-6 the corresponding total was 

 Rs. 30,75,319 ; and in 1906-7, Rs. 23,84,765. 



[Cf. Institutes of Mcmu, ii., 29 ; iii., 274 ; iv., 39, 233 ; v., 37, 144 ; vii., 131 ; 



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