INDIAN WOOD-OILS 



DIPTEROCARPUS 

 INDICUS 

 Malabar Oil 



Kun>|M-nn iiuukot, were it procurable in sufflciont quantity. The Administration 

 >t. Andaman Island* (1898-9) speak* of squares up to 12 feet (siding up 



mg obtainable. 

 D. Lotus, Linn. A medium-sized tree, met with in the 1'anjab Himalaya, Amliik. 



imr, Baluchistan and Afghanistan. It is the amluk, maluk, eto. 

 a gum said to cause a large quantity of water to solidify to a jolly Gum. 

 hid. Mua. Calc.. 1901-2, 24). The ripo fruit in largely eaten either Fruit. 

 i ( dried. It is imported by the Kabulis into Peshawar and is often used 

 in thf preparation of sherbet. 



D. melanoxylon, Roxb. A medium-sized tree found, according to Gamble, in Coroman- 

 S. .in li I ndm. in the dry forests of the Maratha country, the Deccun and Karnatak ; del Ebony. 

 IH: Hrandis, by regarding it as doubtfully distinct from ft. t>nrt,>Hn, extends 

 a to the deciduous forests of the Central Provinces, Chota Nagpur, 

 Hihur an. I the Western Peninsula. It is known in trade as COBOMANDEL 

 EBONY and by the following, amongst many other names : tendu, kendu, temru, 

 <:>>nns. tmni. kari-mara, damadi, balai, etc. Speaking of it. / ijrj/foi proper, 

 Jiuuble observes large trees are uncommon and the amount of ebony small ; of 

 it. toinrntoHti lie says that it is the tree which gives the ebony most largely 

 used in North India. From it is made the Nagina (Bijnor district) black carved 

 \v.u..l\vare. For full particulars of that art centre and its utilisation of ebony, 

 insult Indian Art at Delhi, 1903 (100, 112-3, 123, 149, etc.). The fruit ripens 

 about December and is edible. During famine it is pounded and made into 

 bread. [<?/. Banerjei, Agri. Cuttack, 1893, 185-6, 195 ; Cameron, For. Trees 

 Mysore and Coorg, 1894, 178 ; Hove, Tours in Gujarat, etc., 1787, 145.] 



D. montana, ftoxb. A small tree found throughout India and Burma. It Ban-gab, 

 known as a form of tendu, but its distinctive names, among others, are : 

 i-gdb, tembhurni, gara-tiril, lohari, hirek, goindu, makartendi, jagalaganti, 

 imbia, hddru, kachan, muchi tanki, tawbut, etc. It does not grow to a large size, 

 id the timber, though described as a beautiful furniture wood, is rarely suitable 

 for such purposes. According to Day (Fishes of India) the fruits of the bi*tendu 

 or kuhar are thrown into the water to kill fish. Kanjilal (For. Fl. of School Fish Poison. 

 lire. U. Prov., 1901, 220-2) says every part of the tree, including the fruit, is 

 jitter and has an unpleasant smell. 



Wood-earring. 



DIPTEROCARPUS, Gaertn., f. ; FL Br. Ind., i., 295-9 ; Gamble, 

 Man. Ind. Timbs., 1901, 70-3 ; Prain, Beng. Plants, i., 251-3 ; Brandis, Ind. 

 Trees, 65-6 ; DIPTEROCARPE^E. A genus of lofty trees, which embraces 

 some 50 species, natives of tropical East Asia. Of these 17 occur in 

 the Indian area and some 8 or 9 in India proper. On purely economic 

 rounds I propose to treat as species plants that may be only doubtfully 

 listinct botanically, but in doing so I am practically following the lead 

 given by Prain. The various forms are chiefly noted for their oleo-resins 

 ind timbers. The unimportant species are : 



D. alatus, Roxb., Fl. Ind., ii., 614. A very large tree, native of the tropical 

 srests of Burma, where it is known as white kanyin or kanyinbyn. It gives 

 . large quantity of a rather thin wood -oil. Gamble remarks that this is probably 

 Dnsiderably mixed with that of eng. \Cf. Roxb., Trans. Soc. Arts, 1806, xxiii., 413.] 

 D. COStatus, Gaertn., f.; D. alatus, FL Br. Ind., i., 298. This, like it. fer<, is 

 called tetia-garjan in Tippera. 



D. Grifllthll, Miq. A tall tree of the Mergui and South Andaman Islands, 

 lis broad-leaved tree affords one of the qualities of Andaman gargan-oil. 



D. indlcus, Bedel. ; Brandis, Journ. Linn. Soc., xxxi., 26 ; D. turbinatus, Fl. 

 ?r. Ind., i., 295 (in part) ; Talbot, List Trees, etc., 1902, 33 ; Cooke, Fl. Pres. 

 \b., 1901, i., 84. The guga, challane, ennei, kalpayin, varangu, etc. A lofty 

 of the evergreen forests of the Konkan, Kanara, Malabar and Travancore. 

 wood-oil tree of Western and Southern India. 



The Conservator of Forests, Coorg, gives an account of the wood-oil prepared 

 in that portion of the west coast of Southern India. He says " We have two 

 oil trees in the Western Ghat Forests of Coorg. Both. I believe, are species of 

 in i>t< ,<>< ri>n*, but have not been able to get the flowers to identify them. The 

 oil is contained in the pores of the wood, and is collected by cutting a hole into 

 the centre of the tree. One species yields a yellow oil and the other a dark red. 



499 



D.E.P. 



iii., pt. i., 

 157-71. 



D.E.P., 

 iii., 157. 

 Kanyin. 



D.E.P., 

 iii., 159. 

 Malabar 

 Wood-oil. 



Two Oils. 



