KISHKKIKS OK INDIA 



FISH 

 AND FISHERIES 





and tho Circars ; Central India and Upper Burnm. In extensively culti- 



v.ifc.l and li.-l.l s.u ivl both by Hindus and Buddhists. 



hark \ i. -lils a tenacioiiH milky juice, .\l,ich hardens into a oubfltance Milky 8p. 

 resembling CAOUTCHOUC. Hooper (Rept. Labor. Ind. Mus. (Indust. Sec.), 1905-0, 

 _',") mentions that a sample examined by him contained only 12'5 per cent. 

 caoutchouc and 84*8 per cent, resin. The stem has also been stated to afford a 



M. used as sealing-wax and employed by artificers to fill up the <;um. 

 cavities ..i lu)llo\v ornaments. In the Ahmedabad Gazetteer (iv., 24) it is said to 

 give a wax which is used in staining ivory red, but as this tree is one of the chief 

 sources of LAC, this gum may simply be the excretion of the lac insect and not a L^ 

 H\\in at all. Among the Santals the milky sap is known as lore. A birdlime is 



ared from it, called shelim in tho Deccan. From the bark a FIBBE is extracted. Fibre. 

 \\ hich was formerly made into paper in Burma and employed in the manufacture 1'apcr. 

 i tin- umbrellas of that province. The bark is a useful TAN and yields in boiling Tan. 

 water a dye of a faint reddish-fawn colour. With other barks it is converted into 

 a black DYK, while the root boiled in water with alum gives a pale pink on cotton Dye. 

 cloth. The leaves, bark and fruit are all employed in Native MEDICINE. The Medicine. 

 small figs as also the bark are used as famine FOODS, and the twigs and leaves as 

 elephant and cattle fodder. The WOOD is utilised for packing-cases and for fuel, Fodder, 

 occasionally also for charcoal. [Cf. The Bower Manuscript (Hoernlo, transl.), Timber. 

 1893-7, 180 ; Duncan, Dyes and Dyeing, Assam, 1896, 25 ; Innes, Jungle Prod., 

 1897-9 ; Agri. Ledg., 1902, No. 1, 53 ; 1904, No. 4, 31 ; Joret, Lea. PI. dant 

 VAntiq., etc., 1904, ii., 293-4.] 



FISH AND FISHERIES OF INDIA. Day, Fa. Br. Ind. (Fish, D.E.P., 

 2 vols.) ; PISCES. The information available regarding the FISH and "*> 363-97. 

 FISHERIES and the associated industries of India is very extensive and 

 varied. The space available here may perhaps accordingly be best utilised 

 by furnishing as complete an enumeration of the more valuable works, reports 

 and magazine articles as possible. This may be referred to (1) a citation of 

 general publications, then followed by (2) a series assorted provincially : 



Marco Polo, Travels, 1290 (Fish in Aden) (ed Yule), ii., 377 ; Linschoten, 

 Voy. E. Ind., 1598 (ed Hakl. Soc.), ii., 11-7 ; Mandelslo, Travels, 1662, in Olearius, 

 Hist. Muscovy, etc., 87 ; Fryer, New Ace. E. Ind. and Pers., 1675, 67, 116, 119 ; 

 Tavernier, Travels Ind. (ed. Ball), 1676, i., 75 ; Terry, Voy. E. Ind. (ed. 1777), 

 7-11 ; Buchanan-Hamilton, Fishes of the Ganges, 1822, in Montgomery Martin, 

 Hist. E. Ind. (a work that incorporates all the results of Buchanan-Hamilton's 

 survey of the districts of Bengal, 1807-13), 1838, 3 vols. ; Crawfurd, Journ. 

 to Ava, 1834, ii., 176; Robinson, Desc. Ace. Assam, 1841, 119-23; Cantor, 

 Fishes of the Bay of Bengal, in Proc. Roy. As. Soc., 1838, 52 ; Royle, Production 

 Isinglass, 1842 ; Vigne, Travels, 1848, ii., 409 ; Crawfurd, Diet. Ind. Islands, 

 137-8 ; Day, Rept. Fresh Water Fisheries of Ind. Empire ; also Sea Fisheries, 

 1873 ; Day, Fishes and Fisheries of Beng., in Hunter, Stat. Ace. Beng., xx., 

 1-120 ; Thomas, The Rod in Ind., 1897 ; Anderson, Mandalay and Momein, 

 1876, 24 ; Anderson, Fisheries Exhib. Cat., 1884 ; Hunter, Fish Curing, in Imp. 

 Oaz., 1885, i., iii., v., xii., etc. ; Bailey, Bamboo Fishing Rods, Ind. For., 1887, 

 xiii., 522 ; 1888, xiv., 418 ; 1889, xv., 92 ; 1897. xxiii., 148, 207-8 ; Journ. 

 Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc., xii., 194-201, 404-9; xiii., 113-20, 355-61; also Trawling, 

 xii., 580-5; Townsend, Deep Sea Fishing, xiv., 372-4; xvi., 318-33; Bassett- 

 Smith, Poisonous Fish, xv., 719-20; Simmonds, Waste Prod., 1876, 120 ; Allen, 

 Comm. Organic Anal., 1898, iv., 20-73 ; Hobson-Jobson (ed. Cooke), 1903, 126; 

 Leach, Food Inspect, and Anal., New York, 1905, 198-9. 



BENGAL : Buchanan-Hamilton in Montgomery-Martin, I.e. Bihar and Patna, 

 227-9 ; Bhagalpur, 149-52 ; Dinajpur, 765-74 ; Purnea, 190-4 ; Rangpur, 

 584-94; Oorakhpur, 508-11 ; Sen, Rept. Agri. Stat. Dacca, 1889, 57-60; Banerjei, 

 Agri. Cuttack, 203. UNITED PROVINCES: Oaz. Bandelhhand, 1874, i., 249-50; 

 M eerut, 1875, ii., 52-8 ; Etawa, iv., 245-6 ; Oudh, 1878, iii., 99-100 ; Gorakhpur, 

 1881, vi., 318-20; Basti, 1881, vi., 579-82 ; Shahjahanpur, 1888, ix., 34-9; 

 Himalayan Dist., 1881, xi., 79-81. PANJAB : Oaz. Muzaffargarh, 1883-4, 

 30-2 ; Ludhiana, 1884, 17 . BALUCHISTAN : Hughes-Buller MS., New Oaz. 

 BOMBAY AND SIND : Oaz. Kaira, 1879, iii., 20-4; Ratnagiri, 1880, x., 99-103; 

 Thana, 1882, xiii., 54-9; Kanara, 1883, xv., 107-12, 300-14; Kolaba, 1883, 



