INDIAN COSMETIC AND HAIR DYE 



LEAD 



OI-.-M mid HultH 



Dye. 



appear above ground, when they are watered every alternate day. When about 

 2 feet hii/h they are road\ for transplanting in J .* 



in.- nipped t" rum the centre hoot, and i! plant* are t 



i ..I*. HI riie\ ar watered ilmly till tin-y have recovered the ahoek 

 .-plant me-. and t in- liddH are weeded once a month. No crop u reaped the 



ml* tuo ,tr in.- ol.tmii. d, DM m 



other in Oeiol.er \o\i-iiiliiT. for iiiuiiy yoiirn on end \t rudi cm 



! taken lYoin tin- top shoots, unil un acre yiddx about 20 tnaunds of 

 dry leaver, a year. 



I'!..' Dvi: i- , ,!.i ,i...'d from the leaves : then are dried, sifted, a little sanon 



id.-d. then reduced to a powder. This powder may bo purchaHod at all 



ii.'i ic and dye shops in the larger towns of India, and may be seen in small 



alongside of tho imported aniline dyes. It is occasionally used in dyeing 



doth, I. nt its principal value in India is as an article of the toilet, for staining Cttmetio. 



thi< linjiT 1 1. uls, hands and feet a dull orange colour, also for dyeing the hair 



M-i^ht red colour, what is often but a Hrst stage in tho production of ! 

 l.\ tin- net ion of indigo on the original rod. The use of henna as u 

 from vi-ry ancient times, and is universal union:; .Mulia-mmudan women, anrl t<> 

 I.T or lesser extent amon^ Hindus a I.- ceds yield un On. ahout 



u I nd i little is known, imtl the (lowers art) employed in pcrfmnerv and emkili 

 iinnniicog. hul., I81H. ii., 41 4; (,'tiz. Xhn/t/nir l>i*t. )'/,.. |s!i7. |' 



in Ind., 1X<!. HI!) ; Kirminger, A/on, (,'unl. ln<L (.-d Cameron), 

 ,.;.-,. | 



oil. 



D.E.P., 

 iv., 6O2 6. 



(LEAD and its Salts and Manufactures. Ball, Man. Econ. 

 Ind., 1881, iii., 281-311; King and Pope, Gold, Copper, Lewi , 

 Chota Nagpur, 1891, 95-9, 156, 159-69; Rec. Geol Siarv. Ind., 1904, 

 \i., j)t. 1, 46-7 ; Holland, Rev. Min. Prod. Ind., in Rec. Geol. Sura. Ind., 

 \.\xii., pt. 1, 110. This metal bears among other names the follow- 

 ing : sisa, bundi, surb, ikam, temaetam, khai-pok, etc. It rarely occurs 

 anywhere in the native state, and is never found in that condition in India. 

 Its commonest ore is the Sulphide or Galena, surma, anjana. Other com- 

 mon ores and salts are : Red Oxide of Lead, sandhur, segapu, temamera, 

 Vsang, etc. ; Litharge, murdasang, marudar singhie ; Carbonate of Lead, 

 safeda, vullay, sibaydu, etc. ; Chromate of Lead, peori-wilayti ( = English 



see p. 765). 

 Mining. Although lead ores have been worked to some extent in ancient Mining. 



.it the present day lead-miniug in India is practically in a dormant coiuli- 

 tion. Holland makes the following statement with regard to it : " Galena alone, 

 or with blende and other sulphide ores, is known in various parts of India and 

 I'.nrma, and has been worked in various places for lead or lead and silver, under 

 past Native rulers ; but the mining of lead-ores has long been extinct, and the 

 only recent attempt calling for special mention is that now being made to 

 develop the deposits near Pang Yung in the Northern Shan States formerly 

 worked by the Chinese, who left behind large heaps of slag reported to be 

 amenable to profitable treatment by modern metallurgical processes for the 

 extraction of silver." 



Manufactures. The metal is comparatively little employed by the Natives Manu- 

 of India, owing to its scarceness. It is, however, occasionally used in tho inanu- factures. 

 fact ure of certain wares and alloys, as for example in Hyderabad and Lucknow, UM. 

 where it is a component of the alloy of which Bidrl ware is made (Watt, Ind. 

 Art at Delhi, 1903, 47). Both the red oxide of lead and the carbonate or white 

 lead are commonly utilised as pigments, e.g. in lac turnery (Watt, I.e. 211-2, 

 231), in Afridi waxcloth (Agri. Ledg., 1901, No. 12, 400 et seq.). Red oxide is 

 ;ely employed for religious purposes by the Hindus, who mark their idols 

 d their money with it. All married Hindu women employ it as a paint 

 give a circular spot on the forehead. In MBDICINK, the monoxide or litharge, lledicina. 

 the carbonate, acetate, sub-acetate, nitrate and iodide are all oflicinal in 

 Indian Pharmacopoeia. All these salts, except the acetate, are applied externally 

 only, as sedative and cooling astringents, in various skin diseases. The acetate 

 is similarly used, but is also administered internally. 



Trade. The IMPORTS of lead from foreign countries are very considerable : Imports. 



707 



