LIVE STOCK 



Pigs 



THE PIGS AND BOARS 



D.E.P., 

 iv., 253-4. 

 Pigs. 



Indian 



Pigs. 



" China Pig." 

 " Country Pig. 1 



Pig- skin. 



Bristles. 



Exports. 



Imports. 



rewards and prizes for good mules. The Natives of India have, in many localities, 

 a semi-religious objection to breeding mules. [Cf. Ain-i-Akbari, 1590 (Bloch- 

 mann, transl.), 132, 152; Linschoten, Voy. E. Ind., 1598, i., 54; Terry, Voy. 

 E. Ind., 1622 (ed. 1777), 132-4 ; Barbosa, Coasts E. Africa and Malabar (ed. 

 Hakl. Soc.), 49, 76-7, 89-90; Mandelslo, Travels Ind., 1662, 35, 86; 

 Ovington, Voy. Suratt, 1689, 253 ; Tavernier, Travels Ind. (ed. Ball.), i., 

 102, 283 ; ii., 263 ; Hove, Tours in Gujarat, etc., 1787, 53, 67 ; Montgomery 

 Martin, Hist. E. Ind., ii., 425; Honigberger, Thirty-five Years in E. Ind., i., 72; 

 Wilson, Cutch Horses, in Journ. Roy. As. Soc., vii., 141 ; Macgregor, Journ. to 

 Khorasan, 1875, 292-4 ; Wallace, India in 1887, 127, 141 ; Hoey, Monog. Trade 

 and Manuf. N. Ind., 58, 102 ; Voelcker, Improv. Ind. Agri., 211-2 ; Lawrence, 

 Valley of Kashmir, 364-5 ; Agri. Ledg., 1893, No. 19 ; 1894, No. 12 ; 1896, No. 3 ; 

 Oovt.oflnd. Resolution, 1896 ; Journ. Nat. Hist. Calc., vii., 469; Ann. Repts. 

 Civ. Vet. Dept. in Ind. since 1895-6 ; Ewart, The Penycuik Exper., 1899 ; 

 Mollison, Textbook Ind. Agri., 1901, ii., 10-1, 41-8 ; Pierre and Monteil, Le 

 Cheval au Soudan, in I? Agri. Prat, des Pays Chauds, 1905, v.,pt. i., 126-39.] 



IV. THE DOMESTICATED PIGS AND WILD BOARS OF INDIA. 



Pig or Hog is the name applied to different animals of the family SUID.E, 

 the only representative in India of the sub-division of the Ungulates known 

 as Suina. Blanford enumerates the following species : 



Sus cristatus, Wagner ; Blanford, Fa. Br. Ind, (Mammalia), 560-2 ; INDIAN 

 WILD BOAE, sur, bad janwar, varaha, paddi, dukkar, pandi handi, tan-wet, etc. 

 This is the only species, of any interest or importance economically. It is found 

 throughout India, from the sea-level to an altitude of about 12,000 feet, wherever 

 there is sufficient shelter, either of long grass, low jungle or forest. When 

 abundant it does great damage to crops. The tame pig of India is probably 

 derived from the wild animal, and in some places is said to breed with the latter. 

 Several races of domesticated pigs are met with in India, where religious and 

 caste beliefs allow of their being kept. In the article on Lard (pp. 701-2) it 

 will be seen that two chief classes of pigs are spoken of, namely the " China 

 pig " and " the Country pig." 



S. andamanensis, Blyth / Blanford, I.e. 562-3. The Andaman Pig. A small 

 animal, some 20 inches high, occurring in the forests of the Andaman Islands. 



S. salvanius, Hodgs. ,- Blanford, I.e. 563. The Pigmy Hog. In the forests 

 at the base of the Himalaya in Nepal, Sikkim and Bhutan. Its habits are very 

 similar to those of S. crlatatus. It is found chiefly in high jungle grass, 

 in herds of five to twenty. They are rarely seen, as they leave the forests at night 

 only, but may be traced to their lairs by the mud coatings of the lower vegetation 

 left behind them. In Manipur I found this species to form coverings over their 

 lairs by breaking and throwing down the spiny bamboo. 



The pig affords various economic products, the chief of which are 

 Bristles, Lard, Meat (Pork, Ham, etc.) and Skin. LARD is separately dealt 

 with under that heading (pp. 701-3). PIG-SKIN forms, when tanned, a leather 

 which is principally valued for saddlery. That of the wild boar is much 

 thicker than that of the domesticated animal, and consequently offers 

 more difficulty in the process of tanning and preparation. It is also 

 used in the manufacture of many small articles of leather- ware, such as 

 purses, coverings of pocket-books, etc. 



Bristles are employed chiefly in the manufacture of brushes, and the 

 export trade in bristles and othet brush fibres in recent years is very 

 considerable. For the period 1900-7, the following were the EXPORTS 

 of bristles and fibres for broom and brush manufacture : 1900-1, 49,682 

 cwt., valued at Rs. 14,93,685 ; 1901-2, 48,488 cwt., Rs. 13,65,600 ; 1902-3, 

 70,917 cwt., Rs. 15,79,002 ; 1903-4, 83,258 cwt., Rs. 20,76,331 ; 1904-5, 

 81,290 cwt., Rs. 18,39,854 ; 1905-6, 93,873 cwt., Rs. 21,51,028 ; 1906-7, 

 88,158 cwt., Rs. 17,68,930. Of the total for 1905-6, Madras exported 89,978 

 cwt. and Bengal 3,604 cwt., and the countries to which the largest quantities 

 went were the United Kingdom, 30,485 cwt. ; Germany, 27,874 cwt. ; 

 Belgium, 24,463, cwt. ; Ceylon, 5,536 cwt. The IMPORTS are compara- 



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