Till NUT TREE 



MSAMUM 

 INDICUM 



It is said to be an efficient agent (or rltsning Mid promoting the growth ot the 



hair, and in reputed to I. Macassar nil. KetwnUy there ha* been 



a < "iiaiderable detnnn.l in.n, .1) ..... ; ! ..>por. Aon. L*dg . 1000. 



I ). A large quantity of eeed wan |. nvailablr 



to its being ediblo. junl< triUt* wmil.l. m tunes of scar 



Ull conNlllii|ition nitll.T tll.lll |,.r I! .'I.- |.'i[(. - 



<>t tin- oil irt gold or exported in any of the district* specially investigated. The 

 tree is noteworthx ir.. m it* being one of the moat highly valued plant- 

 ill.' l.v. insect. As a lac-yielding tree it is eepecially prevalent in fUipur and 

 Bilaspur in the ( Vntral Provinces. The WOOD in hard, strong and durable and 

 used for making pestles, curt-wheel*, axle*, ploughs ; aleo for roller* of sugar- 

 mills, and of cotton and oil proeeee. [C/. Pharmaeog. Itut., in., app.. ISH-9 ; 



n. Indust., 1900. xix.. 2.M -rp*. Diet. Appl. t'krm.. (900. 



.i,,,l Mn.h.-ll, Oils, Fait, elf.. 1903, 542: Hooper. Hep Labor. 

 l>,i. Uu*., 1904-5, 20 ; Trap. Agrist., <> 



Ue. 



DAP.. 



vL, p- 

 4H8 500 

 Marking 

 nut. 



. 



SEMECARPUS ANACARDIUM, /-/</<. . Fl. Hr. /m/., ii., 30 ; 

 Talbot, List. Trees, etc., 115; Kanjilal, For. PI.. I'.KM I 

 Man. Ind. Timbs., 220-1 ; Cook.-. PI. Pre. Bomb., 1903. i., 278-9 ; 

 Praia, Beng. Plant*, 1903, i., 35:* ; Watt. Ki< /?//., 1906. 139; ANA 

 DIACE.*. The Marking-nut Tree, bheld, bhildw goto, kokha. 



shaing jiri, bibu, gheru, etc. A deciduous tree of the Sub -Himalayan tract 

 from the Sutlej eastwards, ascending to a height of 3,500 feet anl f 

 throughout the hotter parts of India as far east as Assam. 



It yields by tapping the stem an acri.l. \i-i.l juice from which a varnwh w 

 made (see Melanorrhcea. p. 779), but the nu>t impurtant pnulu rw M 



the fruit, the pericarp of which contain* a bitter and powerful . 

 ciple, universally used in India as a substitute for marking-ink. It gives a black 

 colour to cotton fabrics, but before application must be mixed with limowator 

 as a mordant. In parts of Bengal the fruits are also used as a d\ (done 



or with alum, while throughout India they hold an important place in Native 

 medicine. The fleshy cups on which the fruit rests, and the kernels of the 

 nuts, are eaten as food. [C/. Acosta, Tract, de lot Drogtu, 1578, 323 ; Piao. 

 De Med. Bras., 1648, 57-9 ; also Mant. Arom., in Ind. Utri re Nat. et Med., 1658. 

 193-4 : Marcgraf, Hist. PI., in Piso, De Med. Brat., 94-5 ; Boym. Fl. Sin., 1656, 

 c. ; Labat, Nouv. Voy. aux Isles de L'Amer., 1724. ii.. 385-7 ; I'auliu .-Byineta 

 (Adams, transl. and Comment.), 1847, hi.. 450; Pharmacog. Ind., i., 389-92; 

 Moodeen Sheriff, Mat. Med. Mad., 1891, 124-8; The Bower Manuscript (Hocrnle. 

 transl., 1893-7 83, 108, etc. ; Duncan, Dyes and Dyeing in Assam, 1896, 47-3 : 

 Sen. Thesis on S. Anacardium, 1902; Dutt, Mat. Med. Hind., 1900, 141 I; 

 Achart, Quinze Cents Plantes dans I'lnde, 1905, 386-7.] 



SESAMUM INDICUM, W. ; Fl. Br. Ind., iv., 387 ; Heuze, D.E.P., 

 Les PI. Indust., 1893, ii., 142-50 ; Semler, Trop. Agrik., 1900. ii. Juji!!** 1 "' 



Wiesner, Die Rohst. des Pflanzenr., 1903, ii., 768-78 ; PEDALINB*. Gingelly g^ m 7 

 (or Gingeli) or Sesame Oil, til, tir, tal, krithna- or kala-tel, rasi, sumsum 

 or sim-sim, khasa, tilmin, mithd-tel, bhungiiru, kunjad, kala katica (black), 

 purbia (red), nallenny (oil), nuwulu, achchellu, hnan, etc. An annual 

 plant cultivated throughout the tropical regions of the globe for the oil 

 obtained from its seed. In India, however, it might be more corm-tly 

 described as a crop of the warm temperate or sub-tropical tracts, being 

 grown as an autumn or even winter crop in the wanner parts, and as a 

 summer one in the colder. 



History. Botanical evidence alone might lead to the supposition that the History. 

 SfHHiniitn of sub-tropical agriculture was originally a native- in which 



continent there are some eight or nine truly wild forms, and where the present 

 species is known to have been cultivated from remote times. De Candolle is of 

 opinion that the plant was introduced into India from th Sunla Isles at a period oaU. 

 prior to the Aryan invasion. " Rumphitw," he says, " gives three names for 



Ml 



