AN IMPORTANT GRAIN 



Cultivation 

 ' In the southern dwthuu. somewhat similar mixture* an ~- 



i* s,,u broadcast, while it is a common praotioe l ~w the red 

 moa at interval, of about U foet apart in the furrow ,n,l with 

 (I.e. U4). 



Th. m.-thoda of preparatory tillage, of sowing, and treatment durfaf grow* 

 are fully denc-ri^Ml, but < unnot be gone into her*/ 



Berar and Hyderabad. The area under the crop in 1905 6 wa* Bermr 



144 acres in Berar. The average for the five yean previously was *' 

 approximately thre.- million acres. Hyderabad furnishes no returns. 



Th.5 following information is abstracted from an n 



S. llarcourt King (Agri. Butt., 1900, No. 3). While .fesatdJy 



for Amraoti, F. W. Francis comments that the account is a]*: . all 



the Hyderabad Assigned Districts (Berar). Judr .tedly the most n- M 



important grain crop of the province more than one-third of the total 

 cultivated area being devoted to it. There are no lean an* ties. 



12 of which come under the denomination want. <>r forms uln. h are baked 

 in hot ashes and eaten green, when the gran 



forms, four groups are formed according to their value as sources of bread, 

 viz : (1) the yellow judrs the bread made <-se is considered am*. 



best; (2) whitish judrs the bread is hard and v . n taste; (3) 



reddish judrs bread is of the same colour as the grain ; (4) d; 

 coloured judrs seldom utilised for bread, but in making IdJti (parched 

 grain). Unless the soil is very hard or full of weeds, judr lands are ploughed 

 once in four or five years only, and then in April or May. Usually the soil 

 is simply harrowed, generally three times. The crop is rotated with 

 cotton, sesanium, gram, wheat, lakh (Lnt/ii/in- ->i f >mn) and tobacco, 

 and is generally grown as a mixed crop, along with certain pulses. Weed- 

 ing is done three or four times at intervals of a fortnight. Judr is never 

 specially watered in Berar apparently, nor is it customary to grow tile 

 crop on land systematically irrigated. This is the rule for the grain crop, 

 but when required to make up deficiencies of fodder, thickly sown and 

 irrigated crops are taken. Judr requires good rain in August and it comes 

 into ear from three to four months after being sown, and ripens in five 

 months (November to December). In a good season the yield would be rwd. 

 833 Ib. to the acre, and, after making all allowances, an estimate of 600 Ib. 

 would be a fair average production. 



In Hyderabad it is stated that there are two crop* of judr : the one eown from Hydera 

 the 6th June to the 17th July and reaped from the 22nd October to the 30th bad. 

 November. The second crop, known aa white judr, is sown between the 25th 

 September and the 3rd November and reaped between the 17th February and the 

 15th March. 



United Provinces. In 1905-6 the area in Agra was 2,095,995, and U. Prov. 

 353,161 acres in Oudh. In Agra the largest areas are : Jhansi, 235,287 J 

 acres ; Hamirpur, 169,346 acres ; Cawnpore, 160,903 acres ; Mattra. w**** 

 122,021 acres; Aligarh, 106,150 acres; Balandshahr, 102,440 acres; 

 Meerut, 102,334 acres ; Agra, 95,002 acres; Farukhabad, 92,894 acres; 

 Budaun, 85,283 acres ; Etah, 78,822 acres ; Mainpuri, 77.777 acres, 

 No district in Oudh, except Rai-Bareli, has usually over 55,000 acres 

 under the crop. The Season and Crop Report states the area in 1906-7 

 to have been 2,371,154 acres in Agra, 335,839 in Oudh. 

 } Duthie and Fuller (Field and Garden Crop*, i., 26) mention three well-marked 

 varieties : (1) the double-seeded form with two grains within a angle huek ; 

 (2) a dwarf kind, grown at Allahabad ; (3) the variety known ae oMfcAa fa 

 Cawnpore, in which the grain is completely covered by the I 

 of the Cawnpore Experimental Farm for 1901-2, mention it made 



1037 



