TARAKTOOBNO0 



PREPARATION OF TAMARINDS KUXU 



ChAttlmugra 



lll|ir '" prepared from the eeed* by eprrfon. From a very moot* 

 pericxl the tree ha* been valued in Sanekrit MEIH. INS ae an aoUewbotie in pUoe MiMffci 

 ( >f umejuice, and accordingly the fruit u officinal in modern Hiarroaoopcwa*. 



nut is u laive hu.. lien |>...|. 4 i,. n inchtw long, filled with an add pulp. 

 It in, it in-. -s in Fei.ruarv an. I i largely uesd a* POOD, being a favourite ingredient rood. 

 in eui-rie-; ,,n.l chutnies, and for Bidding fUh (ee Ftoh ako mu- 



|.i..\ed in inaUini; a moling drink nr sherbet. According to Lakolunan Dhargal 

 Ker (Them p. of Indig. Veg. Drug*, Bombay. 1899. 10. M. 88). the aherbet w a 

 useful laxative for children. Marco Polo (ed. Yule. u .. 32M) mention* tnmarin<U 

 and seawater being used tut an emetic preparation. 



According to a recent writer (Philippine Bureau of Aari., PrtM Bull.. 

 No. 6: Trop. Agrist., Nov. 1905, xxv., 687-H). In I MI ih average 



annual yield from an adult tree in 350 pounds of pod*. mid tt.i- -nrink* to about TWi. 

 200 pounds of the prepared fruit pulp." The same writer ut*t** that * new 

 t has recently sprung up for the tamarind in Genoa, where the pulp > em* 

 pi. .yd in the manufacture of syrups and aweetmeate. The Kant Indian tamarind*. Ajropt. 

 he says, are packed in Halt, hut tho best market now eeema to be for the unaalted *t*l and 

 article, of the preservation of which in Jamaica he give* the following aooout 

 " After gathering, the ripe pods are first stripped of their outer ahelk and the 

 pulpy . .'iitents are laid down in the bottom of wooden casks or barrel*, and there 

 sprinkled over with a layer of cheap, low-grade sugar. Then follow alternate 

 Layen of n-uit and sugar, until tli> receptacle is fill.-.l to within 8 to 10 eetiti- 

 niftr.-s. The whole is now covered with boiling-hot sugar, headed up, and i 

 then ready for export. So packed, tamarinds may be preserved for yean 

 without deterioration." He also adds, "The current price of salted tamarind 

 in the Bombay market is at this time only about $30 per long ton of Madras 

 fruit and $40 for Calcutta fruit, while the prevailing average price for 

 sweetened Jamaica fruit in the Genoa market t'r nearly a year past has been 

 about 40 liras per 100 kilos (220 pounds) or, in our values, about $80 gold per 

 long ton." 



The seeds, boiled or fried after removal of the outer skin, are also eaten by 

 Natives, especially in times of scarcity, while the seedlings, leave* and even 

 flowers, are utilised as food in various preparations. Cameron mentions a cement Omoot 

 or paste as made from the seeds which is used in dressing country-made blanket*. 

 The WOOD is regarded as very durable, and is highly prized, though difficult to Wood. 

 work. It is used chiefly for wheels, mallets, planes, furniture, rice- pounders, oil 

 and sugar mills, and is excellent for turnery. It is also valued for fuel when 

 ^reat heat is necessary. [Cf. Baber, Memoirs, 1519 (Leyden and Erskine, transl.), 

 1826. 341 ; Mesua, Opera (ed. Marinus), 1502, 52 ; Garcia de Orta, 1563, Coll., 

 liii. ; also in Ball, Proc. Roy. Ir. Acad.. ser. 3, 1889-91, 676 ; Acoata, Tract. De 

 las Drogas, 1578, 66; Prosper Alpinus, De PI. JSgypti, I."- 1 .':.'. l.~> ; Lagon, Hist. 

 Barbados, 1657, 69; Bontius, Hist. Nat. et Med. Ind. Or., in Piso, Ind. Utri. re 

 et Med., 1658, 94 ; Mandelslo, Travels 2nd., 1662, in Olearius. Hist. Muscovy, etc., 

 149 ; Fryer, New Ace. E. Ind. and Pers., 1675 (ed. 1698), 178 ; Labat, Now. Voy. 

 aux Isles de L'Amerique, 1724, ii., 192; Milburn, Or. Comtn.. Isin. u . -J76; Heyne, 

 Tnt'-tx on Ind., 1814, 18; Paulus Mgineta (Adams, tran*l. and Comment.), in.. 

 43D-40; Cameron, For. Trees of Mysore and Coor-j, iv.U. 109-10; White and 

 Humphrey. Pharmacop., 1904, 491-2 ; Basu, Agri. Lohardaga. 1890, pt. i., 131-2 ; 

 Banerjei, Agri. Cttttaclc, 1893, 198 ; Duncan. Monog. Dyes and Dyeing in Assam, 

 1896, 51 ; Dutt, Mat. Med. Hind., 1900, 157-8 ; Ponder and Hooper. Mat. Med. 

 Ind., 1901, 64 ; Woodrow, Gard. in Ind., 1903, 280 ; Ghosh, Treat. Mat. Med.. 

 1904, 619.] 



TARAKTOGENOS KURZII, Kiny, iu Journ. As. Soc. Bfng., 

 1890, lix., pt. 2, 121-4 ; Gamble, Man. Ind. Timbf., 42 ; Prain, Beng. Plant*, 

 1903, i., 231-2 ; Hooper, Agri. Ledg., 1905, No. 5 ; also Kept. Labor. Ind. mugra . 

 Mus., 1905-6, 29-30 ; BIXINE^:. The Chaulmugra Oil, chaulmugra, kalaw- 

 bin (the tree), kalawthee (the seeds), toung pung, etc. A large tree, 40 to 50 

 feet high, of the forests of Sylhet, Chittagong and Burma. The seeds 

 yield the true chaulmugra oil, long supposed to be the product of *;/*- 



<(!!< fill <H/(H-(lt<l. 



The identification of the true source of the chaulmugra aeed originated with a 



1067 



