WOOL AND PASHM 



WOOL 



AMD PASHM 



etc. 





dhaula. dhai, dawai, dhuvi, dhdtoJn, ieha, santha, dab 



/"'A pitta, gvl, dour, thdtci, phubatti. dhantdtna, jargi, yet'kyi, 

 A large deciduous shrub found throughout India, aacen 

 to 5. <KIO fi-.-t. rare in the .vmth and not extending farther than to til* 

 . irnul ; Shan hills and oth.-r f.-r.-r- iia (Gamble). 



Ids a GUM. known as dhaura or dkau-ka-gond of Harauti and Mewar. 

 -aid t., resemble gum-tragacanth. The most important part of the 

 pUtit is, however, the flowers. They appear from February to April, when they 

 ithered and dried. Throughout India these are employed as a DYE either 

 >dooe a colour by themselves or as an adjunct or mordant chiefly with dl 

 -* ,ttri/*nm). Prof. Hummel found them to contain 2O-6 per cent, taanie 

 acid and they have long been used as a TAW to a small extent, though for this T.S. 

 purpose the flowers have been neglected in fnv.mr of the leaves. McoinxAixr Mssl 



ire employed as an astringent. In the Central Provinces they are said to be 

 eaten as FOOD, and in Bengal are utilined in the preparation of s cooling drink. 

 The wood is used only for FUEL. The plant is a common ornamental shrub in 

 gardens, being easily propagated by cuttings or seed. 



(Cf. The Bower Manuscript (Hoernle. tranaL). 1893-7. 117 : Hunter. .4.. *a.. 

 iv.. 42; Hardwicke, At. Re*.. 1799, vi.. S62 ; Pharmatoy. Ind.. ii.. 40: 

 Monographs. Dyes and Dyeing: Russell, C. Prov.. 1896.6-7; Banerjei. Beng., 

 1896. 33 ; Fawcett. Bombay, 1896, 15 ; Hadi. V. Prov.. 1896. 81-2 : 1 

 Med. Hind.. 1900. 165-6; Hooper. Agri. Ltdg.. 1902. N- I. 44 : Woodrow. 

 Oard. in Ind.. 1903, 320-1 ; Fin i unger, Afon. Oard. Ind.. 1904. 565.] 



WOOL, GOATS-HAIR AND PASHM. Moorcroft, Travel*. 



1820 (ed. 1841). i.. 111. 410 : ii. 18; Royle, Prod. Ret. Ind., 1840, 



139-54; Baden-Powell, Pb. Prod., 1868, i., 177-88; ii., 1872, 2S-56 ; 

 Hoey, Monog. Trade and Manuf. N. Ind., 1880, 169-70, 178-9 ; Pogson, 

 Letter in Proc. Govt. Ind. Rev. and Agri. Dept., 1881 ; Johnstone, Woollen 

 Manuf. Panjab, 1884-5; Mukharji, Art Manuf. Ind., 1883, 341-4; 

 Collins, Indust. Bengal, 1890, 11-2; Ramaswami Iyer, Manuf. of 

 Kamblis in Chitaldrug, Mysore, 1891 ; Ricketts, Cat. Mysore Prod, in 

 Chicago Exhib., 1893, 14-8; Monographs, Dyes and Dyeing : Hadi, 

 T. Prop., 1896, 35-41; Fawcett, Bombay, 1896, 33-5; Monographs, 

 Woollen Fabrics : Garrett, Berar, 1898, 1-3 ; Pirn, U. Prov., 1898, 1-17 ; 

 Thurston, Madras, 1898, 3-12 ; Banerjei, Bengal, 1899, 1-37 ; Marten, 

 < . Prov.. 1899, 1-9 ; Brendoo, Bombay, 1899, 1-13 ; Watt, Chief Ind. 

 Animal Prod., 1902, 111-2; Hannan, Text, fibres Comm., 1902, 185 

 Final Settl. Kept. Almore, 1903, 7-9 ; Cordemoy, Le Prod. Colon. d'Orig. 

 Animate, Paris, 1903, 126-38; Hanausek, Micro. Tech. Prod. (Winton and 

 Barber, transL), 1907, 124-39. 



The chapter devoted to Live Stock has dealt so very fully with the wild 

 and domesticated goats and sheep of India (pp. 743-9) that there practi- 

 cally remains only the task of reviewing trade in raw 

 wool and of furnishing a brief summary of the Indian woollen manufactures. 

 But though many of the sheep of India produce fleeces of hair rather than 

 of wool, still fairly good wool is obtained here and there, as, for example, 

 from the black-headed sheep of Coimbatore, the woolly sheep of Mysore, 

 and the sheep found in large tracts of the Deccan, Rajputana, the Punjab, 

 the United Provinces and Bihar (Patna sheep). 



History. Wool was known to the very earliest of the classic writers of India 

 and by the injunctions of the Institutes of Manu it is assigned as the material of 

 the sacrificial thread of the Vaisya. In the Rig Veda, moreover, there are hymns 

 to Pashan, the god of the shepherds, which make mention of the bleaching and 

 spinning of wool. Wool is regarded as ceremonially \ -an actor- 



be worn while eating or even performing religious functions. With the \ 

 navos the radh observance should, in fact, be performed only when clad in woollen 



1121 "1 



DAP., 

 Tt.pt. IL, 



583 672 



Wool. 



Indian 

 Supply. 



History. 



