66 MANUAL OF MODERN FARRIERY 



to the elbow, and sometimes to the bones of the 

 withers, and render them carious. 



In severe cases, and where, generally from neglect, 

 caries or ulcerative disease has attacked the spines of 

 the dorsal vertebrae, a surgical operation ought at once 

 to be performed, and the animal handed over to the 

 veterinary surgeon. 



WARBLES, SADDLE-GALLS, &c. 



CAUSES. When saddles do not fit, various tumours 

 are produced on the back of horses. The name 

 " warbles " is applied to small tumours produced by 

 pressure, which sometimes do not suppurate, but are 

 nevertheless troublesome and painful to the animal. 

 When they become indurated and callous they are 

 termed " sitfasts," and may adhere so firmly as to 

 require great force to remove, and frequently cannot 

 be extracted without being cut out. 



REMEDIES. The first thing that must naturally 

 occur to the mind of a humane man, is to have the 

 stuffing of the saddle altered so as to make it fit, and 

 thereby prevent undue pressure on any particular spot, 

 and the animal should be allowed sufficient rest to 

 permit the tumours to be taken up by absorption. To 

 facilitate this, cold lotions should be frequently and 

 plentifully applied, such as goulard, vinegar, or 

 brine. If these fail, and " steadfasts " appear, then 

 a gentle blister should be applied, which generally has 

 the effect of removing them from their seats ; after 

 which the wound may be dressed with Friar's 

 Balsam, or carbolic liniment. 



Saddle-galls are generally cured with facility by an 

 application of strong brine, with the addition of 

 tincture of myrrh, in the proportion of a fourth part 

 to three parts of brine, 



