86 MANUAL OF MODERN FARRIERY 



for it is this lifting of the foot which produces the 

 pain, by giving motion to the muscles of the shoulder, 

 some of which are inflamed and tender, in consequence 

 of the sprain. But it must be obvious to any one 

 acquainted with the anatomy of the shoulder, that the 

 pain occasioned by lifting the foot must be both short 

 and small in lameness of the shoulder, as the limb is 

 allowed to bear the weight a much shorter time than 

 in any other species of lameness. For example, in 

 sprain of the back tendons, it is only when the horse 

 is moving forwards that he suffers much pain, and 

 this is most felt when the weight rests on the leg ; 

 consequently, there is a peculiar activity in moving up 

 the limb in shoulder-lameness the instant the weight 

 bears upon it. This is strongly manifested in moving 

 down a hill, in which case additional pressure is given 

 to the limb. And while the horse is in the stable, it 

 will be found that his toe only is resting on the ground 

 when afflicted with shoulder-lameness, while in a sound 

 state he will have the foot flat on the ground. But 

 one of its most prominent characters is, that when the 

 foot is lifted and pressed considerably forward, the 

 animal indicates a feeling of great pain, while the same 

 action will give him no uneasiness if the lameness is 

 seated in the leg or foot. 



In diseases or injuries of the muscles, heat generally 

 accompanies them ; but from the muscles which are 

 affected in this belonging to the under layer, of course 

 the heat is not perceptible to the touch. Neither can 

 the swelling be perceived for the same reason. 



CAUSE. This has its origin in some sudden and 

 severe shock which the muscles have received. A slip 

 of the foot or side-fall may also occasion this com- 

 plaint. 



REMEDIES. In some cases of lameness a horse may 



