J2 MANUAL OF MODERN FARRIERY 



b. The nasalis labii superioris takes its rise from a depression 



at the junction of the superior maxillary and malar 

 bones, and extending to the angle of the nostril. Its 

 use is to raise the lip, and dilate the nostrils. 



c. Dilator magnus, or great dilator, which assists in the office 



of retracting the upper lip and in dilating the nostrils. 



d. Dilator nan's lateralis, or side dilator of the nostrils, 



reversed to exhibit the vessels and nerves which it 

 covers, extending from the covering of the nasal and 

 frontal bones to the angle of the mouth and side of 

 the nostril. Its office is to retract the upper lip, and 

 dilate the nostrils. 



e. The zygomaticus, extending from the zygomatic arch and 



masseter to the corner of the mouth, for the purpose of 

 drawing back the angle of the mouth. 



/, g. The orbicularis oris, or circular muscle of the mouth. 

 This muscle surrounds the mouth for the purpose of 

 closing the lips and dilating the nostrils. 



h. The buccinator, or trumpeter muscle, extending from the 

 inside of the mouth and cheeks to the angle of the 

 mouth, to draw it back. 



i. Depressor labii infer ioris> or puller down of the under lip, 

 attached to the sides of the under lip to pull it down. 



j. Branches of nerves, with small blood-vessels. 



k. The parotid duct, penetrating the cheek to discharge the 

 saliva into the mouth. 



/. See letter r, and explanation. 

 m. The vein and artery passing under the zygomatic arch. 



n. A branch of the fifth pair of nerves, the sensitive nerve of 

 the face, emanating from under the parotid gland. 



o. The masseter, or chewing muscle. This muscle occupies 

 the entire cheek of the horse, and is exceedingly 

 powerful, extending from the upper jaw-bone into the 

 rough surface round the angle of the lower one ; which, 

 in conjunction with the temporal muscle, is destined to 

 chew the food and close the mouth. 



p. The stylo-maxillaris, or styloid, pencil-shaped process of 

 the occiput, extending to the angle of the jaw. Its 

 office is to pull the jaw backwards and open it. 



