200 ft. per minute and loses % of a minute each trip. 

 The following rule from Gillette's Hand-book will give a 

 fair cost: 



To a fixed cost of 4c (for lost time) add Ic for every 

 20 ft. of haul if runway is steep; Ic for every 30 ft. if 

 level. Since loading the barrows is 17c, total cost is 21c, 

 to which add Ic for every 20 or 30 ft. When horse carts 

 are used same can be loaded in 4 minutes and dumped in 

 1 minute. It should travel 200 ft. per minute. The aver- 

 age cart carries enough stone and sand to make % cu. yd. 

 of concrete. If you can get the horse, cart and driver 

 for 30c an hour, then to 5c for lost time add Ic per 100 

 ft. haiA. 



A good workman can turn over 30 cu. yd. in 10 hours, 

 lifting each shovel and casting it into the pile. This is 

 Be per cu. yd. of mortar, but as there is seldom more 

 than 4 cu. yd. of mortar per cu. yd. of concrete we have 

 2c per cu. yd. for each turn given to the mortar. Giving 

 the mortar 6 turns gives 12c; mortar and stone 3 times 

 (3 x 6) gives 15c; total, 27c per cu. yd.; wages, 15c per 

 hour. 



Concrete, after It Is mixed, can be loaded, wages 15c 

 an hour at 12c a cu. yd. Consequently to a fixed cost of 

 16c (4c lost time) add Ic for every 30 ft. haul. Dumping 

 from barrows into deep pit, same can be done for Ic a 

 cu. yd., assuming that 1 man can dump 150 cu. yd. a day. 

 If a small gang is working it will cost 6c per cu. yd. 

 Cost of spreading is about 5c per cu. yd. if same is dumped 

 from wheelbarrows; when carts are used, lOc per cu. yd. 

 Dry concrete can be rammed for 15c per cu. yd. Spread- 

 Ing and ramming can be done for 40c per cu. yd. The 

 cost of the superintendent depends on the amount of work 

 and number of men under him and consequently can not 

 be quoted. Where 6 men are working it would not pay 

 to have a superintendent. To get efficiency, have two 

 gangs, then one will try to do better than the other. 



In this summary for concrete mixed by hand instead 

 of using $1.50 for labor (same being about $2.00 at pres- 

 ent), the following prices will result: 



Loading sand, stone and cement $0.228 



Wheeling 60 ft. in barrows 0.080 



Mixing concrete.- 6 turns 0.400 



Loading concrete into barrows 0.160 



Wheeling 30 ft 0.066 



Dumping barrows (1 man helping) 0.066 



