BUILDING DETAILS 325 



When the lintel supports the ends of floor beams, as shown 

 in Fig. 1 (a), the construction shown in Fig. 2 (c) is used. 



Sometimes it is desired to cover the concrete lintel with a 

 stone facing, as shown in (d). The stone is held to the 

 concrete by means of an iron clamp at the top, as shown. 



When the span of the lintel is very long or the load to be 

 carried is heavy, it is necessary to make the lintel deep. So 

 as not to lower the head of the window, the lintel is run up 

 into the spandrel above, as shown at (e). In this case, the 

 floor slab joins the lintel near its lower surface and therefore 

 does not assist in resisting compression. If the lintel must 

 be strengthened still further, sometimes the entire spandrel is 

 made of reinforced concrete, as shown in (/). 



In cases where a building is to have terra-cotta trimmings, 

 the concrete lintels are often also covered with terra cotta. 

 Such an arrangement is shown at (g). The brick spandrel 

 is placed on top of the terra cotta and assists in holding it 

 in place. 



EAVES AND CORNICES 



For ordinary factory construction, in suburban districts at 

 least, where little artistic effect is desired, the simplest way 

 to construct the eaves of the roof with a hanging gutter is 

 shown in Fig. 3 (a). The gutter itself is often omitted and 

 the rain allowed to fall to the ground, especially if there is 

 no cellar and if the floor level is somewhat above grade. 

 The slab reinforcing rods are shown running parallel to the 

 wall. Where the overhang of the slab is considerable, the 

 reinforcing rods must run at right angles to the wall and be 

 bent up toward the top of the slab in the overhang so as to 

 take up the reverse bending moment, as shown in (6). 



Sometimes the gutter is constructed in the concrete by 

 forming a gusset, as shown in (c). The roofing is extended 

 directly over the gusset and secured by a wooden strip. 



When a parapet wall is required, the construction shown 

 in (d) may be used. The flashing is secured under the coping. 

 Where the parapet wall is low enough, the best plan is to 

 raise the gusset so that it will come to the under side of the 

 coping. In this way the flashing may be omitted altogether 

 and the roofing run under the coping. Such an arrangement 



