L 6 



El Tstachri, Arabian geographer, 584. 



Elliptic movement of the planets, dis- 

 covery of, 795799. 



Elmo, S"t., fire of, 425. 



Elysium, or ' Islands of the Blessed,' of 

 the ancients, 496. 



Empedocles, his poems 'on Nature,' 

 375. 



Encke, Professor, on the distance at 

 which eruptions of Etna are visible 

 498. 



Encyclopaedic, scientific works of the 

 Middle Ages, 620, 621. 



Epochs, early comparisons of among 

 civilized nations, 475, 476. 



Epochs, great, in the advancement of 

 human knowledge, 683, 698. 



Equatorial current, first described by 

 Columbus, 662, 663. 



Eratosthenes, 516, 518, 521, 556 on 

 the number of peninsulas in the Me- 

 diterranean, 482; his geographical 

 labours, 543, 544 ; conjecture of the 

 equal level of the whole external 

 sea, 543 ; measurement of degrees, 

 544; enlarged physical and geog- 

 nostic opinions, 543 545, 565. 



Ercilla, Don Alonso de. his Epic 

 poem 'Araucana.' 427,' 428, 642, 

 664. 



Eric Upsi, first bishop of Greenland, 

 605. 



Etna, Mount, on the distance at which 

 its eruptions are visible, 498. 



Etruscans, the, their inland traffic, 

 602 ; influence of their character on 

 Rome, and her political institutions, 

 502 ; their notice of the meteorolo- 

 gical processes of nature, 502 504. 



Euclid, 546. 



Eudoxus, his attempted circumnavi- 

 gation of Cyzicus, 489. 

 Euripides, picturesque descriptions of 

 nature in his writings, 377, 378; 

 prophecy in the chorus of his Medea, 

 649. 



Eutocius, method of. See Numerals. 

 Everdingen, his landscapes, 447, 454. 

 Eyck, Hubert and Johann van, land- 

 "scapes in their paintings, 445. 



Fabricius, Johann, first observed the 



solar spots, 706, 707. 

 Falero, Ruy, Portuguese astronomer, 



672. 



Faraday, investigations on dia-magnetic 

 substances, 718; discovery of the 

 evolution of light bv magnetic force. 

 719, 727. 



Ferdinandea, volcanic island of, 481. 



Finnish Tribes, their poetry, in rela- 

 tion to nature, 411. 



Firdusi, Persian poet, 409; myth of 

 the origin of the cypress in Paradise, 

 461. 



Flemming, Paul, old German poet, 

 43->_434. 



Forster's ' Delineations of the South 

 Sea Islands,' its effect on the au- 

 thor's mind, 372; his translation of 

 Sacontala, 405 ; his merits as a 

 writer, 436, 437. 



Frederick 1 1. of Hohenstaufen, letter of, 

 to his universities, on the transla- 

 tion of Aristotle, 586, 687; inter- 

 course with Arabian and Spanish 

 literati, 588; curious piece of me- 

 chanism presented to him, 592; re- 

 searches in natural history, 618. 



Frevtag, remark on the Arabic poetry, 

 416. 



Fulgatores, the, of the Etruscans, 502 

 504. 



Galen, of Pergamus, his scientific re- 

 searches, 550, 563. 



Galileo, 591, 700, 701 ; his telescopic 

 discoveries, 700 714 ; of the moun- 

 tains in the moon, 701, 702; satel- 

 lites of Jupiter, 702704 ; ring of 

 Saturn, 706, 707 ; solar spots, 706 

 708 ; crescent shape of Venus, 708, 

 709; conjectures on nebula, 714; 

 his invention of the binocular teles- 

 cope, 705 ; thermoscopes, 721 ; on 

 the origin of the trade winds, 723. 



Galle, Dr., on the constellation of the 

 Southern Cross, 669. 



Gardens, pleasure derived from, 462 

 463; arrangement, 463, 464 ; extent 

 and character of the Chinese gar- 

 dens, 462, 463; Roman, 563. 



Gassendi, on Copernicus, 684, 693; 

 on the similarity of the systems of 

 Apollonius of Perga and Tycho 

 Brahe. 693, 694. 



Gauss, Frederick, 720. 



Geography, as blended with national 

 myths, 482, 483. 



Geographies, maps and charts of the 



