L 9 I 





Humboldt, Wilhclm von, comparison 

 of the works of Lucretius, with an 

 Indian epic, 383; the sky in the 

 landscape compared in its died to 

 the charm of the chorus in the Greek 

 tragedy, 4/>:>: irresistible charm of 

 mathematical studies. 737. 



Huygens, lirst explained the phenom- 

 ena of Saturn's ring, 70(5, 712; on 

 the nebula; in the sword of Orion, 

 713; his researches on light, 715 

 717. 



Hygrometers, invention of, 725. 



Hyksos, the, their Semitic origin and 

 migration, 570, 577. 



Hyperboreans, the, meteorological 

 "myth of, 510, 511. 



Ibn-Baithar, Arabian botanist, 587. 



Iceland, its discovery and colonization 

 by the Northmen,*603, 604 ; its early 

 free constitution and literature, 610. 



Ilschan Holagu, observatory founded 

 by, 595. 



Incense of Arabia, researches on the, 

 573, 574. 



India, expedition of Alexander to, and 

 its important results on physical and 

 geographical science, 517 523. 



Indians, profound feeling of nature in 

 their most ancient poetry, 373, 460 ; 

 its influence on the imagination of the 

 East Arian nations, 397, 402 405 ; 

 its characteristics, 406 408; their 

 knowledge of landscape painting, 

 442 ; numerical system, 535, 597 

 598; their chemistry, 590; planetary 

 tables, 593, 594 ; algebra, 596599. 



Inductive reasoning, 546. 



Infinitesimal Calculus, results of its in- 

 vention, 737. 



Ingolf, his colonisation of Iceland, 607, 

 611. 



lonians, their mental characteristics, 

 506. 



Irish, conjectures on their early dis- 

 cover}' of America, 607 610. 



Isabella, Queen, letters to Columbus, 

 651, 671, 672. 



Isaiah, quotation from his prophecies, 

 575. 



Islands of the Blessed, myth of the an- 

 cients, 496. 



Italian poetry, as descriptive of nature, 

 418420* 



Ivory, commerce in, 540, 541. 



Jansen, Zacharias, optical instruments 

 invented by, 699 701. 



Job, book of, its impressive descriptions 

 of the natural scenery of tho East, 

 414, 415. 



John of Salisbury, C22. 



Jupiter, controversy on the discovery 

 of his satellites, and marked influence 

 of tho discovery on tho extension 

 of tho Copernican system, 702 704. 



Kulidasa, Indian poet, 401 408; his 

 Sakuntaln, 404, 405, ] 12 ; Vikrama 

 and Urvasi, 405, 408; The Seasons, 

 405,408, 430: Messenger of Clouds, 

 405, 408. 



Kepler, his eulogmm on Copernicus, 

 687 ; ideas on gravitation, 691 ; 

 great discovery of the elliptic mo- 

 tion of the planets round the sun, 

 695 699; astronomical writings, 

 698, 699 ; on the Papal prohibition 

 of the Copernican system, 704; his 

 great mental and scientific charac- 

 teristics, 709, 710; on comets and 

 fixed stars, 710 712; Brewster, 

 Chasles, and Laplace, on his writings 

 and theories, 710. 



Kien-Long, Chinese Emperor, de- 

 scriptive poem by, 463, 464. 



Kirghis Steppe, its extent and popula- 

 tion, 57S. 



Klaproth, his researches on the Indo- 

 Germanic races, 554; letter to 

 Humboldt on the invention of the 

 compass, 629. 



Klopstock, 433. 



Lagides, the. See Ptolemies. 



Lambrecht, his r Song of Alexander 

 403. 



Landscape painting. See Painting. 



Languages, their value and importance 

 in the history of the physical con- 

 templation of the universe, 470 

 473. 



Laplace, on Kepler's theory of the 

 measurement of casks, 710; on the 

 zodiacal light, 712. 



Las Casas, Bartholomew cle, 637, 638, 

 679, 680. 



Lassen, author's correspondence with 

 on the ariena of Pliny, 524; on the 



