11 



tion and configuration, 480; its 

 triple construction, 481, 482. 



M-.'gusthenes, ;VJO; his descriptive ac- 

 curacy, 5:21; embassies, 535 . 



Meleaser, of Gadura, his Idyl, 'on 

 Spring,' 379. 



Menander, the rhetorician, his severe 

 criticism on tho poems of Empe- 

 docles, 382, 383. 



Messina, Antonio di, transplanted the 

 predilection for landscape painting to 

 Venice, -145. 



Microscope, its discovery and scientific 

 results, 166, 167, 699^700. 



Migration, direction of its early im- 

 pulses, 554, 571. 



Miletus, 513. 



Milton, character of the descriptions of 

 nature in his ' Paradise Lost,' 430. 



Minnesingers, love of nature as ex- 

 pressed in their poetry, 398400. 



Minucius, Felix, early Christian writer 

 on nature, 392, 393. 



Missals, landscape illustrations in, 444. 



Mohammed, 576, 579. 



Mohammed Ben-Musa, his compen- 

 dium of Algebra, 596. 



Mongolians, battle at Leignitz, 571, 

 624; Buddhism, 572. 



Monsoons, known to the companions 

 of Alexander, 538. 539. 



Monsoon, Indian, causes of, 485. 



Mosaics, Byzantine, 444. 



Mtiller, Johannes. See Regiomonta- 



T1US. 



Miiller, Otfried, on the characteristics 

 of the landscape paintings of the an- 

 cients, 443 ; on the myth of the de- 

 struction of Lyktonia, 482 ; on na- 

 tional myths blended with history 

 and geography, 483; date of the 

 Doric immigration into the Pelopon- 

 nesus, 486. 



Museum of Alexandria, 542, 543. 



Naddod, his discovery of Iceland, 603 

 604. 



Nature, incitements to the study of, 

 370 ; inducements, three different 

 kinds, 38, 370 r 371 ; i. Poetical de- 

 scriptions of nature, 372 439; ii. 

 Landscape painting, 440 457, 459 ; 

 iii. Cultivation of tropical plants, 

 458 465 ; powerful effect in aiier 

 years of striking impressions \n 

 YOL. II. 3 



childhood, 371; an increased impulse 

 lent to the study of nature, by the 

 discovery of America, 420, 421 ; 

 modern descriptive and landscape 

 poetry, 437, 438. 



Nautical astronomy, 630 638, 669 

 680. 



Nearchus, 520, 538. 



Neku, commenced the canal of the 

 Red Sea, 539. 



Neophytos, numeral characters of, 598. 



Nestorians, their intercourse with the 

 Arabs and Persians, and its results, 

 578,579. 



Newton, Sir Isaac, his invention of 

 the mirror sextant, 671 ; discovery 

 of the law of gravitation, 695, 698, 

 714, 735, 736; experiments on the 

 velocity of light, 716, 717; early 

 electrical experiment, 727. 



Niebelungen, absence of anv descrip- 

 tion of natural scenery in, 399. 



Nominalists, school of, in the Middle 

 Ages, 617. 



Nonnus, his Dionysiaca, 378, 379. 



Norman, Robert, his invention of the 

 dipping needle, 658, 718. 



North, nations of. their love of nature 

 397. 



Northmen, dates erf their discovery and 

 colonization of America, Greenland, 

 and Iceland, 603 605. 



Numerals, Indian, 535; spread of, 

 597 599; early methods of ex- 

 pressing the multiplier of the funda- 

 mental groups, 597, 598; 'Suanpan,' 

 ' Method of Eutocius,' ' Gobar, 1 Ara- 

 bian 'dust writing,' characters of 

 Neophytos, 597 599. 



Oceanic discoveries, 601 680. 



Omar, Caliph, his religious toleration, 

 573. 



Onesicritus, on the Indian fig-tree, 

 521; on the Indian races, 530. 



Ophir, conjecture on its localitv, 499 

 501; its exports, 500. 



Optical instruments, dates of their dis 

 covery, 699 701; optical experi- 

 ments of Claudius Ptolemseus, 550 

 551, 561, 562. 



Osiander Andreas, his preface to the 

 writings of Copernicus, C86, 687. 



Ossian, and the Celtc-Irish poems, 402 



Ovid, his vivid pictures of nature, 386. 



