ALTEh'XATIXf; ('I'RKKXT AX I) VOLTAGE 



15 



The 8-amp. current passes through zero, increasing positively, 

 later than does the 12-amp. current. It must be remembered 

 that time is increasing from left to right. If the 12-amp. cur- 

 rent is passing through its zero value at 2.00 o'clock, the 8-amp. 

 current is passing through its corresponding zero value some 

 time later, for any value of time to the right of 2.00 is later than 

 2.00 o'clock. Therefore, the 8-amp. current lags the 12-amp. 

 current. 



12 Amp. 



Time 



11. Phase relations of nlt<-rn:itiim currents. 



The linn- of l;iL r shown in I i .nvsponds to 60 and 



is represented }>y the angle '/. Then-fop', the S-amp. current 



be 12-amp. current by an angle // or l>y (ill '. Or tin- 1'J-amp. 



current may be said to lead the H-amp. current l>y an angle 8 or 



by 61 



In 1 iL r . 11 a] the two currents are /// /J/W.ST with ench other. 

 In l''iL r . II /. the two eurrrnts liave :i pi 'rreiKX ol 



These phase diiTt-n-nccs may exist between currents and 



