PART III. 



DESIGN OF MILL BUILDINGS, 



CHAPTER XVI. 

 DESIGN. 



General Principles. The general dimensions and outline of a mill 

 building will be governed by local conditions and requirements. The 

 questions of light, heat, ventilation, foundations for machinery, hand- 

 ling of materials, future extensions, first cost and cost of maintenance 

 should receive proper attention in designing the different classes of 

 structures. One or two of the above items often determines the type 

 and general design of the structure. Where real estate is high, the first 

 cost, including the cost of both land and structure, causes the adoption 

 in many cases of the multiple story building, while on the other hand 

 where the site is not too expensive the single story shop or mill is 

 usually preferred. In coal tipples and shaft houses the handling of 

 materials is the prime object; in railway shops and factories turning 

 out heavy machinery or a similar product, foundations for the ma- 

 chinery required, and convenience in handling materials are most im- 

 portant; while in many other classes of structures such as weaving 

 sheds, textile mills, and factories which turn out a less bulky product 

 with light machinery, and which employ a large number of men, the 

 principal items to be considered in designing are light, heat, ventilation 

 and ease of superintendence. 



