26S SIDE; WAU.S AND CONCRETE; BUILDINGS 



TABLE XXII. 

 THICKNESS OF WAREHOUSE; WALLS. 



CONCRETE BUILDINGS. Within the last few years quite a 

 number of factory buildings have been constructed of concrete. Most 

 of these buildings are monolithic, although recently quite a number of 

 patents have been issued for concrete building blocks. The walls are 

 usually made hollow wften made monolithic or made of concrete blocks ; 

 the air space prevents the passage of dampness through the walls, makes 

 the building warmer and is less expensive than to make the wall solid. 

 In monolithic concrete construction the roof, floors and the angles in 

 the walls are reinforced with metal put in according to some one of the 

 many systems now in use. 



The following abstract of the description of the construction of a 

 monolithic concrete building, printed in the Engineering Record, July 

 3Oth, and August 2oth., 1898, will give the reader an idea of the 

 methods employed. 



"The factory of the Pacific Coast Borax Company, at Constable 

 Hook, Bayonne, N. J., is about 200 x 250 feet in extreme dimensions, 

 and is partly one story and partly four stories in height. All the floors, 

 floor beams, walls, columns, etc. are constructed of reinforced concrete 

 on the Ransome system, built in molds so as to form a monolithic struc- 

 ture continuous throughout, except for the shrinkage joints dividing 

 it into separate panels. 



"The columns are supported on concrete footings reinforced with 

 twisted steel bars. The walls of the building were built solid at the 

 ends of the floor beams and the intermediate portions were made hoi- 



