ANTHRACITE 



Space will not admit of our entering fully into the question of the evaporative power 

 of anthracite ; but its advantages under certain conditions are fully established. 



In this country anthracite coal is used in the manufacture of iron in the following 

 furnaces : 



Ystalyfora in Glamorganshire . . . 11 furnaces in blast in 1871 

 Yniscodwyn in Brecknockshire ... 2 



The quantity of anthracite-iron made in 1871 being 34,761 tons. 

 The following table shows the progress of production in America of anthracite from 

 1862 to 1871 inclusive, from Schuylkill, Lehigh, and Wyoming: 



Mr. P. W. Sheafer, in an address recently delivered to the students of the Pardee 

 Scientific Department in Lafayette College, says : 



1 In our estimates of the areas of the anthracite coal-fields of Pennsylvania, we place 

 that of the 



Southern coal-field at 146 square miles 



Of the Shamokin district 50 



Of the Mahanog district 41 



Of the Upper Lehigh field 35 



Of the Wyoming and Lackawanna field . . .198 



Total, 470 square miles, 

 or 300,800 acres. 



' Averaging the total coal thickness of the southern coal-field at 75 feet, and that of 

 the middle and northern fields at 45 feet, we have a total content (one cubic yard 



equalling one ton) of say 26,361,076,000 tons 



Deduct one-half for waste in mining, preparing, 

 and faults 13,180,538,000 tons 



and we have a net result of 13,180,538,000 tons 



'The amount mined from 1820 to 1870, the first fifty years of the anthracite coal- 

 trade, was 206,666,325 tons ; so that we have yet in store 12,973,878,675 tons. The 

 progress of our coal-trade is thus shown : 



In 1820 the production was ...... 365 tons 



from 1820 to 1830 533,194 



1830 to 1840 5,406,711 



1840 to 1850 15,952,893 



1850 to 1860 . 42,088,644 



1860 to 1870 50,337,354 



' The production of anthracite coal in Pennsylvania in the year 1872 was unpro- 

 cedently large, as -will bo seen by the following Table, illustrating the progress of 

 the extraction year by year during the last thirty years : 



