BREEZE OVEN 



507 



V 



BREAD-FRUIT TREE. (Artocarpacecs, Upros, bread ; xap^Jir, fruit.) The A. 

 incisa, the true bread-fruit tree, is a native of the South Sea Islands, inhabiting such 

 places as are hot and damp. The tree is about twelve inches diameter, and grows to 

 the height of forty feet. The fruit is about the size of a melon, and the seeds are 

 largo nut-like bodies. The fleshy receptacle is the valuable part of the fruit. It is 

 very white, and of the consistence of now bread. When washed it becomes excellent 

 food, tasting like wheaten bread, only a little sweeter. 



A cloth is made of the fibres of the inner bark ; the wood is used for building 

 houses and boats. The leaves are used as towels and table-cloths, and to wrap pro- 

 visions in. The male catkins serve as tinder, and the juice is employed as birdlime, 

 and to mend the cracks in the water vessels of the natives. See Cow TKEE, JACK 

 TEEE, UPAS TEEE. 



BRECCIA. An Italian term used for a rock composed of angular fragments of 

 stone, cemented together by an earthy or a mineral substance. It corresponds to the 

 ' brockrans ' of the Cumberland miners. 



BRECCXATED AGATE. An agate composed of fragments of jasper, blood- 

 stone, &c., cemented by chalcedony. 



BREEZES. (Braise, Fr.) The dust of coke or charcoal. The coke burner applies 

 this term to the small residual coke obtained in coke burning. The sifted ashes 

 removed from houses is called breeze, and sold under that name to brickmakers and 

 others. 



BREEZE OVEN. An oven for the manufacture of small coke. Mr. Joseph 

 Davis, of Birmingham, has patented (Specification, A.D. 1856, No. 1,425) a breeze 

 oven, many of which are in use in South Staffordshire. The ' thick coal ' of South 

 Staffordshire is employed in this oven. The slack is screened, and the finer part is 

 burnt on the grate adjoining the boiler, the remainder is converted into ' breezes.' 

 Mr. Davis's specification will most completely illustrate and explain the character of 

 this oven : 



This invention consists of a coke oven, constructed, arranged, and used as hereinafter 

 described, and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, for the manufacture of the 

 small coke called breezes, for economising of heat, and for the suppression or partial 

 suppression of smoke. 



243 244 



245 



Fig. 248 of the accompanying drawing represents in elevation, fig. 244 in vertical 

 section, and fig. 245 in plan, a coke oven, combined -with the furnace of a steam- 

 boiler, constructed according to this invention. 

 The said coke oven consists of a chamber or 

 furnace, a, provided with doors, b, b, by which 

 said doors the coal to be coked is introduced 

 and the admission of air regulated. The 

 draught may be further regulated by means of 

 the damper, c. The oven, a, is also provided 

 with flues, d, in which flues dampers may bo 

 situated. The heated air and flame from the 

 oven, a, may bo conducted therefrom either into 

 a stack or chimney, or into the furnace or 

 fireplace, e, of a steam-boiler, /, or the said 

 heated air and flame may be conducted else- 

 where, where they can be applied to heating 

 or other useful purpose. When the flamo and 

 heated air from the coke oven, a, are con- 

 ducted into the furnace, e, of a steam-boiler, 

 /, they may bo delivered at or near the bridge of the said furnace, when they will 

 effect the suppression or partial suppression of the smoke from the said furnace. 

 The heat from the coke oven, a, also increases the production of steam in the boiler,/. 



