600 



CALICO-PRINTING 



printer, on coming to the waste piece stops his machine, and fits another pattern or 

 changes the colours without damaging good cloth. 



A very good sort of candroy for this purpose is that made by Furnival, of Hasling- 

 den : plan, side and end elevation of which are annexed (fig. 342). A A are the cast- 

 iron sides of the machine ; B, a cast-iron roller turned by the pullies c c, keyed upon 

 the same centre ; D, a roller or shell, upon which the cloth is wound, the roller D 

 being pressed upon the roller B by the levers B E, which are keyed upon the shaft F, 

 and on the end of the same shaft the brake pulley c is keyed ; the friction of the 

 wroughtriron strap H round the brake pulley holds the levers E tightly upon the ends 



of the roller D, but allows the lovers 

 to rise as the roller D increases in 



Ei_, _/! r^rt diameter by the cloth being wound 



=== ^ \c. iipSC upon it ; i is a brass spreading roller 



_^__^ ^ cj^fift (further described where the finishing 



UJJ -hi A 1'tefi-ffi'J linllSil room is treated of) to stretch the 



cloth before the entering between the 

 rollers B and D ; K and N are wrought- 

 iron bars; L and M are scrimping 

 bars, o is a lever working on a 

 pivot ; to the longer end of this lever 

 and near the pivot is fastened one 

 end of the iron strap H, and near 

 the handle of the same end of the 

 lever is a weight p depending from 

 a chain ; Q Q are handles for start- 

 ing or stopping the machine by shift- 

 ing the strap on or off the loose 

 pulley. The cloth is passed under 

 the iron bar K over the scrimping bar 

 i, under the scrimping bar M, over 

 the iron bar N, under the spreading 

 roller i, and wound upon the shell 

 D ; to remove the roll of cloth when 

 finished winding, the handle o with 

 the weight is lifted, which relieves 

 the pulley G from the pressure of the 

 iron strap and allows the levers E to 

 be lifted, when the shell with its load 

 of cloth is detached. 



The proper hygrometric state of 

 calico when printing should be at- 

 tended to ; very dry calico does not 

 take colours or mordant nearly so 

 well as when containing a certain 

 amount of hygrometric moisture. 

 Practically this is attained by the 

 bleached pieces being stored in the 

 ' white room,' generally several 

 hundred pieces in advance, and they 

 easily absorb sufficient moisture from 

 the air to be in a proper state for 

 printing on. 



Should, however, circumstances 

 prevent this taking place, the pieces 

 are conditioned by being passed 

 through the spray of water. The 

 machine for this purpose consists of 

 a rectangular box, closed with a 

 stratum of water at the bottom ; one or more revolving brushes, set at a right angle 

 to the piece, dip slightly into the water, and being made to revolve very rapidly, a 

 continuous fine spray is produced, and the pieces are drawn rapidly through the 

 upper part of the machine, entering and leaving the machine through narrow 

 apertures, a little wider than the pieces, and are wound on a batching roller. In 

 its rapid passage through the spray the cloth becomes slightly damped. The 

 ' white room ' where the bleached calico is stored is generally placed in some cool part 

 of the works, and sometimes built over a part of one of the reservoirs. 

 A shearing-machine is now generally employed to remove any knots, loose fibres, or 



