CALICO-PRINTING 629 



to flow off at tho overflow shown, is always kept at the right level. Aftor this nnsing, 

 the cloth passes between the squeezing rollers at the top of the machine, previous to 



which it receives a spirt of clean water. It then passes into the trough over the 

 lagged roller, as shown, and the operation is repeated until the cloth is sufficiently 

 washed. This machine will wash about 90 yards of cloth per minute. Whenever a 

 washing machine is mentioned in this article, it is to be understood that this sort of 

 machine is meant. The drawing is of the machine as made by Mather and Platt. 



Up to this point there is scarcely any difference in the operations on pieces destined 

 for styles I a, b, &c., and II. Those intended for dyeing with madder are printed in 

 stronger colours than those for dyeing with garancin, since the soaping process 

 reduces the strength of colour considerably, and garancin colours undergo no severe 

 treatment after dyeing. The general proces of dyeing is thus performed : 



Fig. 376 represents a front elevation of a pair of dye-becks, with automatic winch- 

 reel, .and fig. 377 is an end-elevation of one of them. The drawing is kindly supplied 

 by Messrs. Mather and Platt, of Salford. A A is a cast-iron cistern, 8 feet long by 4 

 feet deep by 3 feet wide, with curved bottom ; brackets B B are cast on the ends to 

 support the system on the stone foundation. This beck is fixed over a channel c, 

 which communicates with the system of drains which carries away the waste liquors 

 into the river. There are two holes in the curved bottom one at each end which, 

 when the beck is in use, are stopped with moveable plugs; one of these holes communi- 

 cates direct with the drain and the other with a trough D, which communicates with a 

 pit outside the dye-house, and where the spent madder can be run for the purpose of 

 making into garanceux ; B is a water-pipe, with a branch into each beck, with a screw 

 tap attached ; F is a main steam-pipe, which divides into branches G, furnished with 

 valves at H ; the pipes o subdivide in branches i, one of which goes down each end 

 of the dye-beck, the perforated pipe K, which traverses the beck from end to end, 

 connecting them ; a perforated iron diaphragm is placed across the beck from end to 

 end; above this is a strong rod M, from end to end, carrying pieces N projecting at right 

 angles from it. Bolted on the ends of the dye-beck is the framework o, which carries 

 the bearings of the shaft Q of the winch reel ; keyed on the shaft are three seta of 



