734 CARPET 



the harness tlio simples descend, and to the end of each is attached a small handle a, 

 called a bob. These handles being disposed in pairs, and their regularity preserved by 

 means of a perforated board c, it is merely necessary to pull every handle in succession, 

 the weaver, at the same time, working his treddles with his feet, as in any other loom. 

 The treddles are four in number, the fabric being that of plain or alternate cloth, and 

 two treddles allotted for each web. The harness part of the carpet draw-loom is 

 furnished with mails, or metallic eyes, to save friction ; two threads being drawn 

 through each eye. The design or pattern of a carpet is drawn upon cross-rule paper, 

 exactly in the same way as every other kind of fancy-loom work, and is transferred 

 from the paper to the mounting by the rules for damask weaving. Suppose that a 

 double web is so mounted that every alternate thread of the one may be raised, so as 

 to form a sufficient shed-way for the shuttle, without depressing the other in the least: 

 then suppose another web placed upon the former, at such a distance that it will 

 exactly touch the convexity of those threads of the former which are raised. Then, if 

 the threads of the latter web are sunk while the others are raised, the two would be 

 entirely incorporated ; but if this be only partially done, that is, at particular places, 

 only those parts immediately operated upon will be affected by the action of the ap- 

 paratus. If the carpet is a two-coloured pattern, as black and red, and if upon the 

 upper surface, as extended in the loom, red flowers are to be represented upon a black 

 ground, then all those species of design paper which are coloured may be supposed to 

 represent the red, and those which are vacant the black. Then counting the spaces 

 upon the paper, omit those which are vacant, and cord those which are coloured, and 

 the effect will be produced. But as the two webs are to be raised alternately, what- 

 ever is corded for the first handle must be passed by for the second, and vice versd, so 

 that the one will form the flower, and the other the ground. 



The board by which the simples are regulated appears at F. D shows the weights. 



Mr. Simcox, of Kidderminster, has patented an invention for an improved manu- 

 facture of carpets, in which, by dispensing with the Jacquard loom, as well as the iron 

 wires and tags usually employed to produce terry fabrics, such as Brussels carpets and 

 coach-lace, he can work his machinery at greater speed and more economically. His 

 second improvement relates to the manufacture of fabrics with cut pile, such as Wilton 

 or Axminster carpets. He makes a ribbed fabric, greatly resembling the Brussels 

 carpet, by a combination of woollen and linen warp and weft, arranged in such a 

 manner that the woollen warp in the form of a ribbed surface may constitute the face 

 of the fabric, while the linen warp forms the ground or back of the fabric. The plan 

 he prefers, as most resembling the Brussels, consists in weaving the fabric as nearly 

 as possible in the ordinary way, except that, instead of inserting a tag or wire to form 

 the rib or terry, the patentee throws in a thick shoot or weft of woollen or cotton, over 

 which the woollen warp is drawn, and forms a rib ; the woollen warp being afterwards 

 bound down with a linen shoot or weft in the ordinary way. The woollen warp 

 employed being all of one colour, the fabric produced will be plain or unornamented, 

 with a looped or terry pile ; and upon this fabric any design may be printed from 

 blocks. 



The looms differ from the former chiefly in the employment of two separate shuttles, 

 one for the woollen and one for the linen weft. These shuttles are both thrown by the 

 same pickers and the same picking-sticks, and consequently the shuttle boxes must be 

 moved up and down as may be required, in order to allow the picker to throw the 

 proper shuttle. It will also be necessary to work the healds in a suitable manner to 

 form the proper shreds, in order that the woollen face may be properly bound to the 

 linen ground. 



The second part of his invention relates to the production of fabrics with a cut pile, 

 like the Axminster or Wilton rugs or carpets. The ordinary mode of making some 

 of these fabrics is to weave the pattern in by means of a Jacquard apparatus, and pass 

 the woollen warp over a rod or tag, which is afterwards cut by passing a suitable knife 

 along it, thereby producing the cut pile. The patentee produces the design and surface 

 of the fabric from the weft in place of the warp as heretofore. For this purpose the 

 weft is made to consist of thick woollen shoots, which must be printed or stained 

 with suitable colours, precisely as the woollen warps have been heretofore done ; and 

 the woollen shoot, when thrown in, is, by means of suitably formed hooks, pulled 

 up and turned into loops, which, when they are properly secured to the foundation 

 or ground of the fabric, are afterwards exit by means of knives or cutting instruments, 

 with which the hooks are furnished, for the purpose of releasing them from the 

 loops and producing the cut pile. The patentee observes, that cotton and other cheap 

 materials may be employed with great advantage in the production of some of these 

 fabrics. 



Another invention of improvements in manufacturing figured fabrics, principally 

 designed for the production of carpeting, patented by Mr. James Templeton, of 



