COAL 



865 



Places 



Area In square miles 



over which coal rocks 



may be presumed to 



extend 



Remarks 



China 

 Australia . 



British America. 

 Great Britain . 



Spain 



Japan 

 Germany . 



Franco 

 Austria 



Belgium 

 Trinidad 

 Borneo 



Brazil 



Cape Colonies . 



Denmark . 



Falkland Islands 



Greece 



New Granada . 



New Zealand 



Persia 

 Portugal . 



Zambesi . 

 Zanzibar . 



400,000 



240,000 



18,000 

 12,000 



8,000 



6,000 

 3,000 



2,400 

 2,000 



520 

 318 



This estimate is not thoroughly reliable, but 

 it is certain that there is an enormous coal- 

 bearing area in China. 



In New South Wales the coal area is said to 

 be 120,000 square miles. In Queensland the 

 same area is supposed to exist. 



Mr. Hull gives 5,431 square miles as being 

 stored with coal to the depth of 4,000 feet. 



This estimate is vague ; some authorities give 

 4,000 square miles, others 2,000. 



By Germany is meant all the German-speak- 

 ing provinces, except those under Austrian 

 rule. 



Some of the Austrian brown coals approach 

 the Indian seams in thickness. 



The coal of Labuan is reported to be of good 

 quality, and very fair coal occurs in the 

 Sarawak country. 



There are large coal-fields in this splendid 

 country. 



There is coal in this as in so many other 

 dependencies of the English Crown. 



Only a small quantity of coal is raised in the 

 island of Bornholm. 



These islands contain coal. 



Lignites have been worked at Koumi. 



The coal of this country is said to be creta- 

 ceous. 



The calculated amount of coal in New Zealand 

 is 4,000,000,000 tons. 



A large area of coal is said to occur. 



A small coal-field exists near the mouth of 

 the Douro. 



This coal was brought to light by Livingstone. 



Some coal, said to be Zanzibar coal, was 

 analysed by Mr. Tween, of the Geological 

 Survey, and gave carbon 42'4, volatile 

 matter 30'41, moisture 4 per cent., ash 27'2 

 100. 



NEW SOUTH WALES. Running down the rivers Bremer and Brisbane to the town of 

 Brisbane, numerous outcrops of coal may be seen in the banks. Several works are 

 situated about half way between Ipswich and Brisbane. This coal is of much 

 importance to the steam navigation of Moreton Bay. In the parish of Maggil 

 several collieries are established. ' The coal varies from five to six feet in thickness, 

 dipping south forty degrees east, angle from seven to eight degrees, although not 

 worked to its whole thickness, excepting where they wanted head room for the 

 " horse way." The main coal separates from the top coal at about four feet ; the 

 two feet of the top coal is good, but mixed with a small quantity of earth.' 

 Stuchbury. 



The following Table (p. 866) will show the number and condition of the collieries 

 of New South Wales. The Newcastle district produces a good bituminous coal, useful 

 for steam and household purposes, and also splint and cannel. The Southern district 

 yields a semi-bituminous variety of good quality ; and from the American creek in 

 that district an abundance of petroleum is obtained. The Western district gives a 

 superior splint coal, and oil shales in abundance. 



VOL. I. 3 K 



