COTTON-SPINNING 



983 



other the bobbins. In the web of the wheel m, a small bevel pinion o, is mounted 

 upon an axle standing at right angles to the shaft g, which pinion is intended to take 

 into the two bevel pinions p and q, respectively fixed upon bosses, embracing the shaft 

 in the interior of the boxes k and /. Now it being remembered that the pinion q, and 

 its box /, are fixed to the shaft g, and turn with it, if the loose wheel m be indepen- 

 dently turned upon the shaft with a different velocity, its pinion o, taking into q, will 

 be made to revolve upon its axle, and to drive the pinion p and pulley box k, in the 

 same direction as the wheel m ; and this rotatory movement of the box k and wheel 

 m, may be faster or slower than the shaft g, and box I, according to the velocity with 

 which the wheel m is turned. 



The main shaft g, being turned by the band and rigger A, as above said, the train of 

 wheels h, connected with it, drives the shaft i, which at its reverse end has a pinion 

 (not seen in the figures) that actuates the whole series of drawing rollers a. Upon 

 the shaft i there is a sliding pulley r, carrying a band s, which passes down to a ten- 

 sion pulley t, and is kept distended by a weight. This band s, in its descent, comes in 

 contact with the surface on the cone u, and causes the cone to revolve by the friction 

 of the band running against it. The pulley r is progressively slidden along the shaft 

 t, by means of a rack and weight not shown, but well understood as common in this 

 kind of machines, and which movement of the pulley is for the purpose of progressively 

 shifting the band s from the smaller to the larger diameter of the cone, in order that 

 the speed of its rotation may gradually diminish as the bobbins fill by the winding-on 

 of the yarns. 



At the end of the axle of the cone u a small pinion v is fixed, which takes into the 

 teeth of the loose wheel m, and as the cone turns, drives the wheel m round upon the 

 shaft g, with a speed dependent always upon the rapidity of the rotation of the cone. 

 Now the box pulley I, being fixed to the main shaft g, turns with one uniform speed, 

 and by cords passing from it over guides to the whorls/, drives all the spindles and 

 flyers, which twist the yarns with one continued uniform velocity ; but the box pulley 

 k, being loose upon the shaft, and actuated by the bevel pinions within, as described, 

 is made to revolve by the rotation of the wheel m, independent of the shaft, and with 

 a different speed from the pulley box I ; cords passing from this pulley box k, over 

 guides to small pulleys under the bobbins, communicate the motion, whatever it may 

 be, of the pulley box k, to the bobbins, and cause them to turn, and to take up or 



572 



wind the yarn with a speed derived from this source, independent of, and different 

 from, the speed of the spindle and flyer which twist the yarn. 



