256 EMBOSSING 



particularly for some kinds of goods whore a higher temperature may bo required, a 

 red-hot heater is then introduced into the hollow cylinder in place of steam. 



If the cylinder B is employed as the embossing cylinder, and it is not intended to 

 print the fabric by that cylinder simultaneously with the operation of embossing, the 

 feeding roller b must bo removed, and also the colour box c, belonging to that cylin- 

 der; and the cylinders A and c are to be employed for printing the fabric, the one 

 applying the colour before the embossing is effected, the other after it. It is, however, 

 to be remarked, that if A and c are to print colours on the fabric, and B to emboss it, 

 in that case it is preferred, where the pattern would allow it. A and c are wooden 

 rollers, having the pattern upon their surfaces, and not metal, as the embossing cylin- 

 ders must of necessity bo. 



It will bo perceived that this machine will print one, two, or throe colours at the 

 same time, and that the operation of embossing may bo performed simultaneously with 

 the printing, by either of the cylinders A, B, or c, or the operation may bo performed 

 consecutively by the cylinders, either preceding or succeeding each other. 



The situations of the doctors, when required to bo used for removing any super- 

 fluous colour from the surface of the printing cylinder, are shown at d,d,d; those 

 for removing any lint which may attach itself, at e, e, e. They are kept in their 

 bearings by weighted levers and screws, and receive a slight lateral movement to and 

 fro, by means of the vertical rod m, which is connected at top to an excontric, on the 

 end of the axle of the roller H, and at its lower end to a horizontal rod mounted at 

 the side of the frame ; to this horizontal rod arms are attached, which are connected to 

 the respective doctors ; and thus, by the rotation of the excentric, the doctors are made 

 to slide laterally. 



When the cylinders A, B, or c, are employed for embossing only, those doctors will 

 not be required. The driving power is communicated to the machine from any first 

 mover through the agency of the toothed gear, which gives rotatory motion to the 

 cylinder B, and from thence to the other cylinders A, and c, by toothed gear shown in 

 fig. 822. 



EMBOSSING LEATHER. Beautiful ornaments in basso-relievo for decorating the 

 exteriors or interiors of buildings, medallions, picture-frames, cabinet work, &c., have 

 been made by the pressure of metallic blocks and dies, by M. Claude Schroth. The 

 dies are made of type-metal, or of the fusible alloy with bismuth, called d'Arcet's. 

 The leather is beaten soft in water, then wrung, pressed, rolled, and fulled, as it were, 

 by working it with the hands till it becomes thicker and quite supple. In this state 

 it is laid on the mould, and forced into all its cavities by means of a wooden, bone, or 

 copper tool. In other cases, the embossing is performed by the force of a press. The 

 leather, when it has become dry, is easily taken off the mould, however deeply it may be 

 inserted into its crevices, by virtue of its elasticity. 



EMBOSSING WOOD. (Bossage, Fr. ; Erhabenes Arbeit, Ger.) Raised figures upon 

 wood, such as are employed in picture-frames, and other articles of ornamental 

 cabinet work, are usually produced by means of carving, or by casting the pattern in 

 plaster of Paris, or other composition, and cementing, or otherwise fixing it on the 

 surface of the wood. The former mode is expensive ; the latter is inapplicable on 

 many occasions. The invention of Mr. Streaker may be used either by itself, or in aid 

 of carving, and depends on the fact, that if a depression bo made by a blunt instrument 

 on the surface of the wood, such depressed part will again rise to its original level by 

 subsequent immersion in the water. 



The wood to be ornamented having been first worked out to its proposed sliapo. i^ in 

 a state to receive the drawing of the pattern ; this being put on a blunt steel tool, or 

 burnisher, or die, is to be applied successively to all those parts of the pattern inti-inl.nl 

 to be in relief, and, at the same time, is to be driven very cautiously, without breaking 

 the grain of the wood, till the depth of the depression is equal to the intended pro- 

 minence of the figures. The ground is then to bo reduced by planing or filing to the 

 level of the depressed part; after which, the piece of wood being plarn I in water, either 

 hot or cold,the part previously depressed will rise to its former height, and will then 

 form an embossed pattern, which may be finished by the usual operations of carving. 

 See CARVING BY MACHINERY. 



Another process which may bo regarded either as carving or embossing wood, is 

 that patented by Messrs. A. S. Braithwaite and Co. 



Oak, mahogany, rose-wood, horse-chestnut, or other wood, is steeped in water for 

 about two hours ; and the cast-iron mould containing the device is heated to redness, 

 or sometimes to a white heat, and applied against the wood, either by a handle, as a 

 branding iron, by a lever press, or by a screw press, according to circumstance : tho 

 moulds are made by the iron-founder from plaster casts of the original models or 

 carvings. 



Had not tho wood been saturated with water, it would bo ignited, but until tho 



