596 



GAS-FURNACE 



Y Y, to cool the gas and precipitate the water ; L sawdust containing 45 per cent, of 

 water ; z water at 2 ; at a the temperature is 300, at d 350, at c 400 to 450 C. 



1058 



The temperature used to burn the gas, calculated from the cold air, is about 

 2000 C. ^ 



At R lead melts slowly ; at F lead melts easily ; at E zinc sometimes melts. 



The gas, before condensation, contains 33 parts by weight of water to 100 of dry 

 gas. 



Constituents of Gas. 



11 '8 vol. carbonic acid . . . . 19*6 weight. 



19-8 oxide .... 20'8 



11-3 hydrogen 0'87 



4-0 marsh gas 2-4 



53 ! nitrogen 56 '3 



The furnace may be placed at a long distance from the condenser. 



In this furnace the fuel is fed by a hopper into a reservoir, resting upon an inclined 

 grate, supplied from below with air from a blower. The products of combustion thus 

 produced pass through a condenser, where all the moisture in the gas is condensed. 

 "The gas then passes to the heating furnace, which is furnished with Siemens' re- 

 generators. It is found easy to use fuel containing as much as 45 per cent of watiT, 

 and the resulting gas contains about 33 Ibs. of water to 100 Ibs. of dry gas, whilst the 

 water, after condensation, contains about 2 per cent, of its weight in gas, and 3 per 

 cent, of its volume. The condensing apparatus consists of 3,500 Ibs. of iron liars 

 piled crosswise on each other, and kept cold by a jet of water from a tuyere. The heat 

 of the gas before condensation of the water always melts lead easily, and sometimes 

 zinc. In the Elkman furnace dry wood containing 8 per cent, of water produces in the 

 generators gas of a temperature of 1394, while in the Lundin furnace the tempera- 

 ture is 2606, the combustion in both cases being produced by cold air. The gas 

 produced by seasoned wood contains more water than that which proceeds from the 

 Lundin condenser. The duration of the furnace is very remarkable, and is to be 

 attributed probably to the fact that there is no cinder. In eight weeks the thickness 

 of the roof, 4 in., was only diminished from to | in., and the side walls were entirely 

 uninjured. So great is the success of this system of condensation, in connection with 

 the Siemens' regenerators, that in Sweden, and in fact everywhere where moist fuel is 

 employed, the Lundin furnace will supersede every other. Abram S. Hewitt con- 

 siders that it is available for any kind of fuel whatever. 



Siemen^ patent Regenerative Gas-Furnaces, The advantagesof the regenerative gas- 

 furnaces are stated to be 



1. Saving of fuel, amounting to from 40 to 50 per cent, in the quantity, 5 



