IRON 



959 



blast arrangements, whereby he prevented the alteration of form to which the arched 

 pipes were subject at a high temperature, as also that ho was about to employ five 

 tuyeres instead of three. For a drawing and explanation of his furnace-feeding 

 apparatus, see SMELTING. 



The experiments through which Mr. Neilson's important discovery was introduced 

 into the iron manufacture were made at the Clyde Iron Works, where the fuel gene- 



1231 



rally made use of was coke, derived from splint coal ; during its conversion into 

 coke, this coal sustained a loss of 55 per cent. During the first six months of the 

 year 1829, when all the cast iron in the Clyde Iron Works was made by means 

 of the cold blast, a single ton of cast iron required for fuel to reduce it, 8 tons 1^ cwt. 

 of coal converted into coke. During the first six months of the following year, while 

 the air was heated to near 300 Fahr., 1 ton of cast iron required 5 tons 3^ cwts. of 

 coal converted into coke. The saving amounted to 2 tons 18 cwts. per ton of iron, 



