154 



MACHINES FOR CUTTING COAL IN MINES 



Fig. 1414 shows the Gartshcrrie machine in plan. Fig, 1415 gives an end elevation 

 of the machine. In both cases the way in which the cutting work into the coal is 

 effected is clearly shown. In fig. 1416 a side elevation is given, from which it will be 



1416 



easy for anyone having but a slight acquaintance with machinery to see how motion is 

 given to the cutters. 



GUlott and Copley's Machine, which is shown in the accompanying woodcuts, was 

 patented in 1868. Fig. 1417 gives the machine in plan. 



The machine, with the exception of the cylinders and one spur-wheel, is made 

 entirely of steel and wrought iron, thus combining the greatest strength in the 



1417 



1418 



smallest space, and with the least weight. The top frame is of angle-iron, 4 feet 

 9 inches long by 2 feet 4 inches wide, and on this are fixed two cylinders, 7 inches 

 in diameter, with a 9-inch stroke, working on to a crank-shaft, which, by a very 

 simple arrangement, drives the pinion which gears into the slots of the cutter-wheel. 

 This wheel, which is of cast steel, is carried by a bracket projecting horizontally 

 from the side of the machine. It makes about six revolutions per minute, and on its 

 outer edge are fixed twenty steel picks or cutters, these giving 120 strokes per 



